群体性的选择——论两宋追和陶渊明《归去来兮辞》对《楚辞》的学习与借鉴  

Group selection: On the Learning and Reference of the Literati in the Song Dynasty and Homeward Bound I Go by Tao Yuanming from Chu Ci

作　　者：赵旭 ZHAO Xu(School of Liberal Arts,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第4期81-87,共7页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

摘　　要：两宋士人追和陶渊明《归去来兮辞》的文学活动由元祐时期苏门诸人首倡,从北宋中后期到南宋后期形成热潮。流传至今的数十篇辞作虽为和陶,但通过细致的文本比读,我们却能够发现其深受《楚辞》影响。由于时代环境以及宋人审美趣尚的转变,他们似乎普遍对《楚辞》中《远游》《卜居》《渔父》《招隐士》诸篇更感兴趣一些。这些篇目中包蕴着的逍遥神游之乐、对出处大节的思考以及淡泊近道之趣,正与他们的审美相合。这些趣味与庄子的齐物达观、佛老的禅悦之趣更为接近,水乳交融般地融贯于他们的辞作之中。两宋士人藉此以陶写襟怀的同时,也向我们展现出他们心目中一个崭新的屈原的形象。The literature activity in which the literati in the Song Dynasty made the responsory with Home Bound I Go by Tao Yuanming was first advocated by Su Shi and his students in the Yuanyou Period,and came into a popular trend from the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty till the late Southern Song Dynasty. Although dozens of poems that have been handed down till the present are regarded as the responsory to Tao Yuanming,a carefully comparative reading of the text reveals the deep influence of Chu Ci. As the social environment and the aesthetic taste of these literati in the Song Dynasty change,they are seemingly more interested in Far-Off Journey,Divination,The Fisherman and Summons for a Recluse out of Chu Ci,which are in accordance with their aesthetic models since these poems contain the pleasure of leisurely journey,the thought of origins and disciplines as well as the pursuit of bland fun. These aesthetic tastes are closer to Zhuang Zhou＇s view on the adjustment of controversaries and the interest in the Zen Buddhism,which are perfectly integrated into their poems.While expressing their state of mind by virtue of Tao Yuanming,the literati in the Song Dynasty display a new image of Qu Yuan in their mind.

关 键 词：《楚辞》 《归去来兮辞》 追和 庄老 

分 类 号：I222.3[文学—中国文学] I207.22