基于红外相机技术监测秦岭山地引水工程对大中型兽类种群影响的初报  

Preliminary Report on Impacted Mammals with Camera Traps in Water Diversion Project Construction Area,Mt. Qinling

作　　者：何刚[1,2] 郭松涛[1,2] 金学林[3] 张河[1,2] 石智慧 刘弈辰 李东群 贾康胜 郑鹏斌 PAN Ruliang 李保国 HE Gang;GUO Songtao;JIN Xuelin;ZHANG He;SHI Zhihui;LIU Yichen;LI Dongqun;JIAKangsheng;ZHENGPengbin;PAN Ruliang;LI Baoguo(College of Life Sciences,Northwest University,Xi＇an 710069,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation,Northwest University,Xi＇an 710069,China;Shaanxi Institute of Zoology,Xi＇an 710032,China;Shaanxi Zhouzhi Laoxiancheng National Nature Reserve,Xi＇an 710400,China;Shaanxi Rare Wildlife Rescue and Research Center,Xi＇an 710402,China;The University of Western Australia,Western Australia 6907,Australia;Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650223,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,西安710069 [2]西北大学陕西省秦岭珍稀濒危动物保育重点实验室,西安710069 [3]陕西省动物研究所,西安710032 [4]陕西周至老县城国家级自然保护区,西安710400 [5]陕西省珍稀野生动物抢救饲养研究中心,西安710402 [6]The University of Western Australia,Western Australia 6907,Australia [7]中国科学院动物进化与遗传前沿交叉卓越中心,昆明650223

出　　处：《四川动物》2018年第4期467-473,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程项目(2013KTZB03-1-03);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503200);西安市第一次野生动物资源调查项目(XCZX2015-0297-3)

摘　　要：2015年1月—2016年12月,采用红外相机技术在陕西省引汉济渭工程作业区设置4个监测点,对保护兽类种群变化进行了监测研究。监测共发现大中型陆栖兽类3目9科9种,其中,川金丝猴Rhinopithecus roxellana、秦岭羚牛Budorcas bedfordi和林麝Moschus berezovskii为国家Ⅰ级重点保护野生动物,野猪Sus scrofa和黄鼬Mustela sibirica在监测中的遇见频次最多。随着工程的推进,与2015年相比,2016年监测发现的物种数量和遇见频次均呈减少的趋势。这说明该工程带来的人为干扰、噪音、景观的改变对区内栖息的野生动物具有不利的影响,已经出现动物活动减少、发生迁移的现象,这有可能会进一步影响秦岭动物群落结构和种群空间分布。建议加强动物种群变化监测,减少人为干扰,严格控制动物栖息地破坏程度,做好景观和植被恢复工程。By using infrared cameras located at 4 monitoring sites, mammals with larger and medium body sizes were mo-nitored and studied in a special area of Mt. Qinling, Shaanxi province, where a Han-Wei water diversion construction. Data collection of the observed records was commenced from January 2015 to December2016.The results in diacated that 9 species belonging in 9 families of 3 order were recorded and accounted.Golden snub-nosed monkey （Rhinopithecus roxllana）,golden takin（Budorcas bedfordi）and forest must deer （Moshus berezovskii）,which were endangered animals listed as class Ⅰ key nationlly protected wild animals in China,were also included.Other animals frequwently recored were wild boars（Sus scrofa）and Siberian weasel （Mystela sibirica）.In comparison to 2015,there was a remarkable decrease of animal appearing frequency in 2016.This suggested that the water project had already generated some negative impacts on the activties and normal behaviours of local animal due to the man-made disturbances including noise and landscape change .The most severe is,however,from the creation of the barriers for animal migration and normal move-ment.Therefore,the results reported in this study arouse a deep concen that further impacts on the wildlife could be more promiment following a futher development and extension of the project .It is urgent to extensively monitor the wild animals in the region and so set up a direct relationship connecting the government,conservation organization,scientists and water project administration to form a tangible strategy and management.

关 键 词：水利工程 秦岭 兽类 红外相机 种群变化 

分 类 号：Q959.8[生物学—动物学] X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]