NaN_3和紫外线复合诱变对苜蓿愈伤组织在干旱和盐胁迫下生长的影响  

Effects of NaN_3 and ultraviolet combined mutation on the growth of alfalfa callus under salt and drought stress

作　　者：李波[1] 林浩 邬婷婷 陈雪梅[1] LI Bo,LIN Hao,WU Ting-ting,CHEN Xue-mei(College of Agriculture,Forestry and Life Sciences,Qiqihar University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of ResistanceGene Engineering and Protection of Biodiversity in Cold Areas, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar 161006,Chin)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学生命科学与农林学院抗性基因工程与寒地生物多样性保护黑龙江省重点实验室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2018年第4期187-192,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划重大项目(GA15B105-5);齐齐哈尔市科学技术计划项目(NYGG-201518);齐齐哈尔大学2017年研究生创新科研项目(YISCX2017-032X)

摘　　要：以图牧2号苜蓿愈伤组织为材料,对其进行不同浓度NaN_3及紫外线诱变剂量和不同浓度NaCl及PEG胁迫处理,观察愈伤组织生长状况,以愈伤组织的存活率确定各处理的半致死浓度(LC_(50))或剂量(LD_(50))和致死浓度(LC_(100))或剂量(LD100),并对愈伤组织进行脯氨酸、可溶性糖、丙二醛含量和CAT酶活性的测定。结果表明:诱变和胁迫影响了苜蓿愈伤组织生长,随NaN_3浓度和紫外线诱变剂量的增加,愈伤组织的存活率下降,NaN_3的LC_(50)和LC_(100)分别为4.0×10^(-3)mol·L^(-1)和5.5×10^(-3)mol·L^(-1),在距离为20cm时,紫外线诱变LD_(50)和LD_(100)分别为6、8min;随NaCl和PEG选择压力的加大,愈伤组织的存活率下降,NaCl的LC_(50)和LC_(100)分别为1.5%和2.0%,PEG的LC_(50)和LC_(100)分别为25%和30%。各诱变和胁迫处理比较,经NaN3和紫外线复合诱变及PEG和NaCl双重选择压力处理愈伤组织存活率最低为16%。NaN3和紫外线复合诱变的愈伤组织脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量、CAT酶活性增加,丙二醛含量下降。诱变和逆境胁迫筛选的苜蓿愈伤组织,可以提高苜蓿愈伤组织对盐旱的抵抗能力,可为利用体细胞扩大苜蓿抗逆性变异来源提供基础。Alfalfa callus of Tumu No.2 was used as experimental material, callus was mutated with different concentrations of NaN 3 and different dose of UV, and treated with NaCl and PEG stress at different concentrations. The growth status of the callus was observed. The semi lethal（LC50） and lethal（LC100） concentration （dose） of each treatment was determined according to the survival rate of callus. The content of proline, soluble sugar, MDA and the activity of CAT in callus were assayed. The results showed that the growth of alfalfa callus was affected by mutation and stress.The survival rate of callus had declined with the increase of NaN 3 concentration and UV irradiation dose.The semi lethal and lethal concentrations of NaN 3 was 4.0 and 5.5×10 -3 mol·L^-1 respectively. At the distance of 20 cm, the semi lethal and lethal doses of UV induced mutation was 6 and 8 min. The survival rate of callus declined with the concentration of NaCl and PEG increasing. The lethal and lethal concentrations of NaCl was 1.5% and 2% respectively. The lethal and lethal concentrations of PEG was 25% and 30% respectively. Compared with different mutation and stress treatments, the survival rate of callus was 16% treated by NaN 3 and UV combined mutagenesis and PEG and NaCl double stress treatment. The content of proline, soluble sugar, CAT enzyme increased and MDA content decreased in the callus under NaN 3 and UV combined mutagenesis. Screening of alfalfa callus by mutagenesis and stress could improve the salt and drought resistance. It provides the basis for using somatic cells to expand the resources of anti-stress variation in alfalfa.

关 键 词：苜蓿愈伤组织 NaN3和紫外线复合诱变 盐胁迫 干旱胁迫 

分 类 号：S541.1[农业科学—作物学]