城市街道犯罪行为的建成环境影响要素初探——以S市G城区为例  

First Exploration on the Influence Factors of Built Environment for Criminal Behaviors in Urban Street ——Taking G downtown, S City as an Example

作　　者：毛媛媛 顾佳丽 魏琦[2] 殷玲 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑学院 [2]苏州市公安局科技信息化处

出　　处：《中国名城》2018年第8期65-72,共8页China Ancient City

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"基于犯罪预防的城市街道空间环境要素甄别及影响机制研究"(编号:51778384)

摘　　要：根据警务部门提供的相关犯罪数据,采用单因素组间差异分析法探索老城区犯罪案件高发街道与低发街道空间环境之间的差异。研究选取28个街道样本,按照案件发生密度将样本分为案件高发与低发两组。街道环境数据从建筑设计、街道设施、街道公共空间以及交通现状四个方面通过实地调查搜集整理。研究发现,街道两侧建筑平均层数、商业界面占比、街面导向性标识数量、地面停车场可容纳车辆总数、街面区域性标识数量、街面护栏长度以及街面电话亭数量等7个环境变量在高发与低发样本之间存在显著差异,主要涉及了CPTED理论中领域感、自然监视、活动支持以及环境形象与维护4个方面要素。研究结论可为老城区街道环境的改造提供参考依据。Based on the relevant crime data provided by the police department, the spatial environment differences between streets with high densiW criraes and low in old urban areas are explored with the method of single-factor differential analysis. According to the spatial pattern of crirae distribution, 28 streets are selected as samples and divided into two groups： high density and low density. The environmental data of street are collected from four aspects： architectural design, street facilities, street public space and facilities and traffic status. The findings show that 7 environmental variables are significantly different between the two groups of sample： the average floors of buildings on both sides of the streets, the proportion of commerdal interfaces, the number of traffic signs, the number of vehicles that can be accommodated in the ground parking lots, the number of territory signs, the length of street guardrails, and the number of telephone booths. These environmental variables relate to four factors of CPTED theory, i.e. territoriality, public surveillance, activity support and image maintenance. The conclusion may provide references for reconstruction of street environment in old urban areas.

关 键 词：街道 空间 环境 犯罪 CPTED 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]