宽谱带转光棚膜力学与光学特性及其提高番茄产量和品质  

Mechanical and optical properties of broadband UV-to-red conversion plastic films and its improving effect on tomato yield and quality

作　　者：闫妍[1] 于贤昌[1] 廉世勋[2] 李衍素[1] 贺超兴[1] 孙天智 王晓斌 刘宏 王惠军 Yan Yan;Yu Xianchang;Lian Shixun;Li Yansu;He Chaoxing;Sun Tianzhi;Wang Xiaobin;Liu Hong;Wang Huijun(Institute of Vegetables and Flowers（CAAS）,Beijing 100081,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410081,China;Shandongtianhe Plastic Inc.,Shandong 255400,China;Seed Control Station of Shizuishan City,Shizuishan 753000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081 [2]湖南师范大学化学化工学院,长沙410081 [3]山东天鹤塑胶股份有限公司,淄博255400 [4]石嘴山市种子管理站,石嘴山753000

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第13期255-262,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302404;2016YFB0302403);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201006);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-25-C-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目联合资助

摘　　要：为探索添加VTR-660转光剂后涂覆型棚膜的力学特性、光学特性及日光温室覆盖该转光膜对番茄产量和果实品质的影响。该研究采用了荧光光度计、红外光谱仪和双光束紫外可见光分光光度计对试样棚膜"传统内添加EVA消雾无滴棚膜"(F1,对照)、"涂覆型持久流滴耐老化消雾无滴棚膜"(F2)和"添加了VTR-660转光剂后涂覆型宽谱带紫外转红棚膜"(F3)的光学特性进行分析;参照国家标准测定了试样棚膜的力学特性(厚度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和直角撕裂强度);并对覆盖不同试样棚膜日光温室内的温光环境(光照强度、气温和地温)、番茄的生理和产量指标进行了测试。结果显示:与F1相比,F3纵向的拉伸强度和直角撕裂强度分别显著提高了30.72%和7.20%(P<0.05);在4 000~1 430,1 430~770和770~400 cm-13个波段下的红外线透过率积分面积分别显著提高13.69%,61.78%和41.83%(P<0.05);紫外吸光度显著降低了49.21%(P<0.05);覆盖宽谱带紫转红棚膜日光温室(T3)番茄每公顷产量比覆盖传统内添加型EVA消雾无滴膜(T1)显著提高了25.71%(P<0.05),果实维生素C和番茄红素含量分别显著提高了11.11%和33.04%(P<0.05)。由此可知,添加VTR-660转光剂的宽谱带紫转红棚膜显著提高了红外线透过率,改善了日光温室内的温光环境,提高了番茄产量并改善了果实品质。The light conversion agent VTR-660 has many benefit characteristics. For example, its band coverage area is larger and it has a higher match between the emission spectrum of high red light and the chlorophyll absorption spectrum compared with other light conversion agents. And broadband ultraviolet-to-red light conversion plastic film added with VTR-660（F3） has similar characteristics such as a higher match between the emission spectrum of high red light and the chlorophyll absorption spectrum. Moreover, the bandwidth of its emission spectrum is increased in high red light, and it has a higher rate of infrared transmission and a lower rate of ultraviolet transmission than the traditional inner-added EVA（polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer） anti-fog film（F1） and coated persistent drip anti-aging anti-fog film（F2）. Moreover, the broadband ultraviolet-to-red light conversion plastic film can improve the temperature and light environment in the greenhouse, increase the yield per hectare and improve the quality of the tomato crop. In this work, the optical properties and the mechanical characteristics and heat preservation properties of the broadband ultraviolet-to-red light conversion plastic film added with VTR-660 were studied. The effect of the broadband ultraviolet-to-red light conversion plastic film on the yield and quality of tomato in the solar greenhouse was also investigated. The experiment in the greenhouse was conducted from November, 2016 to June, 2017 at the Agriculture Research and Demonstration Station, Shizuishan Village, Yinchuan County, Ningxia. The tomato cultivar（Meifen 869） and full steel frame unsupported winter-warm solar greenhouse（length of 90 m, inner span of 9 m, ridge height of 4 m） were selected as the test cultivar and greenhouse type, respectively. The treatments included solar greenhouse covered with traditional inner-added EVA anti-fog film as control（T1）, solar greenhouse covered with coated persistent drip anti-aging anti-fog film（T2） and solar

关 键 词：光照 叶绿素 力学特性 转光膜 光学特性 番茄 日光温室 产量 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学]