热开关控制光伏/温差联合发电装置设计提高发电效率  

Design of PV/TE hybrid power generation device based on thermal switch and its improving efficiency of power generation

作　　者：王立舒[1] 党舒俊 苏继恒 侯瑞雯 李莹 刘爽[1] Wang Lishu;Dang Shujun;Su Jiheng;Hou Ruiwen;Li Ying;Liu Shuang(Institute of Electrical and Information,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学电气与信息学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第14期196-204,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：教育部春晖计划(Z2012074);黑龙江省教育厅科技课题(12521038)

摘　　要：为解决光伏电池板接收太阳辐射发电时板面温度上升导致光电转换效率下降的问题,该文通过温差发电技术对光伏电池板进行主动冷却;同时为解决温差发电技术因温差较小时热电转换效率低下的问题,引入热开关对装置进行控制,并采用扁平热管作为传热单元,利用水对流为系统进行冷却。为测试基于热开关的光伏/温差联合发电装置的性能,分析了不同光辐射强度、不同板面温度、以及不同冷端温度对系统的影响,并搭建试验平台,对联合发电装置进行试验研究。结果表明,装置联合发电效率高于单独一种发电方式的效率,实现了能量的梯级利用。在对装置进行瞬时性能测试期间,发电效率最高达到19.45%,发电功率最大达到32.15 W。在6 d全天性能测试期间,联合发电装置的平均发电效率为17.72%,最高可达18.37%。所获电能基本可以满足农业温室大棚检测系统、远程传感器的供电要求。In order to solve the problem of inefficiency of photovoltaic conversion caused by temperature rise when photovoltaic cell panel generates the electricity after receiving solar radiation, the present paper discussed about a method that the thermoelectric power generation technology could cool down the photovoltaic cell panel, this method was a kind of active cooling mode. However, when the temperature difference between the hot side and cold side of thermoelectric generator was close to each other, the thermoelectric conversion efficiency was too low, which had a negative effect on the device. To solve the above problem, the thermal switch was adopted to control the equipment, the switch would close when the temperature of the photovoltaic cell panel reached the predetermined value, and the heat passed down. On the contrary, the switch was in the off state. Through the control of the thermal switch, the thermoelectric generator could work stably and efficiently in the working range. Meanwhile, it could also improve the adaptive capacity to environment of the device. At the same time, the flat heat pipe had been chosen as the heat transfer unit, using water convection to cool down the system. After cooling the photovoltaic cell panel, not only its temperature would decrease, but also the service life could be extended. On the other hand, the cold side temperature of the thermoelectric generator could also decrease. Firstly, the present paper analyzed the effect caused by different intensity of optical radiation, different panel temperatures and different cold side temperatures in the system. Secondly, the whole experimental platform of system had been established. Last but not the least, the hybrid power generation system had been examined so as to test the property of hybrid power generation equipment which was based on PV/TE（photovoltaic/thermoelectricity） of thermal switch. The result revealed that the efficiency of hybrid power generation equipment was higher than a single electricity generating method inc

关 键 词：光伏 发电 温差 热开关 扁平热管 

分 类 号：TK514[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]