1980—2015年间泰国红树林资源变化的遥感监测与分析  

Remote Sensing Monitoring and Analysis of the Dynamics of Mangrove Resources in Thailand From 1980 to 2015

作　　者：吴培强[1] 张杰[1] 马毅[1] 任广波[1] WU Pei qiang;ZHANG Jie;MA Yi;REN Guang bo(The First Institute of Oceanography,SOA,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2018年第3期412-422,共11页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：高分辨率对地观测系统重大专项(民用部分)应用示范系统项目--高分海洋环境遥感信息处理与业务应用示范系统一期(41-Y30B12-9001-14/16)

摘　　要：基于1980—2015年间5期Landsat MSS,TM,ETM+和OLI影像,采用卫星遥感调查与现场调查相结合的方法,开展泰国红树林信息提取,并分析了35a来泰国红树林时空分布状况和动态变化。结果表明:35a来,泰国红树林面积呈先减少后增加的趋势,但总体呈减少的趋势;1980—1990年间,红树林面积由1980年的2 694.3km2减少到1990年的2 279.83km2,减少速度为41.45km2/a,而1990年后却持续增加,增加了118.47km2;泰国红树林主要变迁区域分布于泰国湾沿岸,尤以尖竹汶府变化最为剧烈,安达曼海沿岸变化较小;围海养殖是红树林减少的主要原因,35a间,在泰国累计被破坏的424.26km2红树林中,约376.39km2的红树林被围垦为养虾池;红树林自然保护区的建立、科学合理地开展人工栽种是红树林面积增加的主要途径,目前约有125.27km2的沿海滩涂和废弃养殖池被人工栽种红树林。Spatio-temporal pattern and dynamics of mangroves in Thailand from 1980 to 2015 was extracted and analyzed based on field investigations and satellite images of Landsat MSS,TM,ETM＋ and OLI acquired in 1980,1990,2000,2010 and 2015,respectively.It′s found that the mangrove in Thailand is generally decreasing despite of the increases since 1990.The area of mangroves decreased from 2 649.30 km2 in 1980 to 2 279.83 km2 in 1990,with the decreasing rate of 41.45 km2/a.After that,the area of mangroves experienced steady increase with the amount of 118.47 km2.The most significant changes were found along the coast of Gulf of Thailand,especially in Chanthaburi;whereas only a few changes were found along the coast of Andaman Sea.The reclamation of sea was the main reason for the shrinking of mangrove areas.During the past 35 years,a total of 424.26 km2 mangroves distroyed,among which 376.39 km2 were reclaimed as aquaculture.The best way to increase mangrove area was to establish the nature reserve and national park with scientific and rational artificial planting,and about 125.27 km2 of beach and abandoned ponds were planted with mangroves in the recent 35 years.

关 键 词：泰国 红树林 遥感监测 动态变化 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]