超深井钻机创新技术及其发展趋势  

Technical Innovation of Ultra-deep Well Oil Drill Rig and Its Development Trend

作　　者：周志雄 唐春晓 方太安 吴昌亮 ZHOU Zhixiong;TANG Chunxiao;FANG Taian;WU Changliang(Engineering Technology R＆D Company Limited,CNPC,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团工程技术研究院有限公司,北京102206

出　　处：《石油矿场机械》2018年第4期14-18,共5页Oil Field Equipment

基　　金：国家科技重大专项项目20课题1"深井超深井自动化钻井技术及装备"(2016ZX05020-001);中国石油天然气集团有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目"连续起下钻井关键技术装备"(2016B-4001)

摘　　要：针对塔里木盆地等复杂的地质结构区域,研发了适用于超深复杂井的8 000m钻机和四单根立柱9000m超深井钻机,对钻机关键部件进行了创新设计,对高承载井架和底座进行了优化,全新设计了采用压实股钢丝绳的一体化单轴绞车。采用了转矩和承载能力更大的转盘及其驱动装置、大功率高压钻井泵、智能化顶驱和兼容性强的顶驱下套管装置等。现场应用表明,相比于常规8 000、9 000m钻机,设备成本可降低20%左右,钻井生产运行费用降低37%,而9 000m四单根立柱钻机可降低起下钻作业时间20%以上,并在一定程度上规避了常规钻机在复杂地层压力控制难的问题。阐述了超深井钻机的优势和亟待解决的问题。8 000 meters drill rigs and quadruple standpipe 9 000 mdrill rigs for ultra-deep and complex wells have been developed in view of the complex geological structure area in Tarim Basin.The key components of the drill rigs was redesigned and innovated and the high bearing capacity derricks and substructures were optimized,the new integrated single shaft drawworks with the compact wire rope was designed.The rotary table and its driving device with larger torque and load capacity,high power and high pressure drilling pump,intelligent top drive system and its casing drive device with well compatibility are adopted.Field application shows that,compared with the conventional 9000 meters drill rig,8 000 meters drilling rig,which can save equipment procurement costs by about 20%,reduces drilling production operating costs 37%,while the working time of quadruple standpipe 9 000 mdrill rig can be reduced over 20%,and avoid the complex formation pressure control problem in conventional drill rigs in a certain extent.At the end of this paper,the advantages and the problems to be solved urgently of the ultra-deep well drill rigs are expounded.

关 键 词：超深井钻机 技术创新 四单根立柱 顶驱 钻井泵 压实股钢丝绳 

分 类 号：TE922[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]