6mm厚货车用铝合金板摩擦搅拌焊试验研究  

Friction Stir Welding Test Research of 6 mm Thick Aluminum Alloy Plate Used for Railway Wagons

作　　者：张军[1] 陈杰 刘思莹 宋春雨 李权福 ZHANG Ju n;CHEN J ie;LIU Si-ying;SONG Chun-yu;LI Quan-fii(Beijing Key Laboratory of Performance Guarantee on Urban Rail Transit Vehicles,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture1,Beijing 102616,China;Beijing MTR Corporation2,Beijing 1Shenhua Railway Wagon Transportation Company Limited3,Beijing 100011,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市轨道交通车辆服役性能保障北京市重点实验室,北京102616 [2]北京京港地铁有限公司,北京100068 [3]神华铁路货车运输有限责任公司,北京100011

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2018年第21期307-312,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：北京市科技计划(Z161100002216005)资助

摘　　要：摩擦搅拌焊技术已成为铝合金焊接的重要手段。针对5052和6061-T6两种6 mm厚铁路货车使用的铝合金板材,采用摩擦搅拌焊设备进行焊接试验;并进行了相关检测,研究不同工艺参数对焊接质量的影响。结果表明:提高搅拌头的转速和降低焊接速度有利于降低设备的主轴轴向受力。在低转速时,摩擦搅拌焊的焊接质量较差,焊缝结构疏松,容易出现焊缝缺陷;当转速提高到1 200 r/min时,热输入能量适中,焊缝表面光滑明亮,表观质量良好。由焊缝表观可以发现,提高焊接进给速度后,焊缝表面光亮度下降,纹路变得明显,表面变得粗糙;在较高的搅拌头转速下以不同焊接速度进行焊接,其焊缝内部基本无可见缺陷,质量良好;在相同的搅拌头转速和焊接速度下,6061-T6铝合金板焊接过程中主轴压力略低于5052铝合金板。Friction stir welding technology has become an important metliod for aluminum aioy welding. The friction stir welding equipment is utilized to do experiments on 6 mm thick 5052 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate used for railway wagons and coherent detection is carried out to research on the effect of diferent parameters on the welding quality. The results showed these as followings. Improving the rotational speed and reducing the welding speed of the mixing head could reduce the axial pressure of the the equipment.At low rotational speed,the welding quality is poor,welding seam structure is loose,and weld defects are prone to occur. When the rotational speed is increased to 1 200 r/min,heat input energy is moderate and the weld surface is smooth and bright,which indicates that tiie apparent quality is good. It could be found from the weld appearance that,with the welding speed increas-ing ,the weld srnface becomes dull and rough with obvious lines. Under the high rotational speed of stining head, there are no visible defects in the welding seams which are welded with different welding speed,and the quality is good. At tiie same rotational speed and welding speed,the main axle pressure of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate is slightly lower than that of 5052 aluminum alloy plate durng welding process.

关 键 词：摩擦搅拌焊 铝合金 工艺参数 压力 转速 

分 类 号：U272.2[机械工程—车辆工程]