滇池流域水污染防治“十二五”规划实施效果后评估  

Post-assessment of the Implementation of “Basin Dianchi Water Pollution Control Plan(2011-2015)”

作　　者：曾思育[1] 曾亚妮 董欣[1] 李广贺[1] ZENG Siyu;ZENG Yani;DONG Xin;LI Guanghe(School of Environment,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境影响评价》2018年第4期34-38,共5页Environmental Impact Assessment

基　　金：中国工程院"<滇池流域水污染防治规划(2011-2015年)>评估"项目

摘　　要：开展流域水污染防治规划实施效果后评估是推进规划有效实施和提升污染控制科学性的重要手段。针对《滇池流域水污染防治规划(2011—2015年)》在水质改善、总量控制、工程项目建设方面的目标,采用关键指标评价法评估了规划实施效果。结果显示,虽然入滇河道水质改善显著且流域总量控制任务完成,但湖体水质与规划目标存在一定差距、部分工程建设滞后、部分工程环境效益未达预期等问题。《规划》中水质目标、总量目标及相应工程设施建设要求之间存在一定程度上的不匹配现象,总量目标对营养负荷削减和城市面源减排的考虑不够完善。未来规划应客观合理地确定与水质改善需求相适应的治污措施,优化治污工程空间布局,工程实施中严格管控进度以确保规划期发挥环境效益。后评估也应及早介入、分期开展。Post-assessment of river basin water pollution control plan is an important approach to ensure effective implementation of the plan and to enhance the rationality of post-plan pollution control efforts. Based on existing targets in the＂Basin Dianchi Water Pollution Control Plan（ 2011-2015） ＂（ Dianchi WPCP）,the key indicator assessment method was used to evaluate the effects of＂Dianchi WPCP＂on water quality improvement,total pollutant load control,and water pollution prevention projects. According to assessment results,by the end of the＂12 thFive-Year Plan＂period,water quality of inflow rivers had improved significantly,and total pollutant load control targets had been achieved. However,there was still a large gap between water quality parameters＇ current status and their respective targets in the＂Dianchi WPCP＂. Moreover,some pollution prevention projects fell behind schedule and failed to achieve expected environmental benefits. Results of the post-assessment showed distinctive misalignment among targets of water quality,total pollutant load control,and requirements for water pollution prevention projects. Impacts of non-point urban pollutants and pollution prevention projects hadn＇t been considered well enough in total pollutant load control targets. It is suggested that,pollution control measures should fit water quality improvement requirements better in future planning; spatial layout of the pollution prevention projects should be optimized; project implementation should follow schedule strictly to ensure environmental benefits fully realized within the planning period; and post-assessment should also be launched at the early stage of the ＂Dianchi WPCP＂implementation.

关 键 词：滇池流域 水污染防治 规划 实施效果 后评估 

分 类 号：X828[环境科学与工程—环境工程]