现代奥林匹克运动治理体系的演变  

Governance System of Modern Olympic Sports

作　　者：战文腾 ZHAN Wenteng(School of P.E.,Shandong Univ.,Jinan 250061,China;P.E.Dept,Weihai Campus of Shandong Univ.,Weihai 264209,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学体育学院,山东济南250061 [2]山东大学[威海]体育教学部,山东威海264209

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2018年第6期32-38,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目(15CTY010);山东省社科规划项目(15CTYJ08).

摘　　要：进入21世纪以来,随着奥运会利益相关者的不断介入,奥林匹克管理体系发生了天翻地覆的变化。现代奥林匹克运动已经完成了从奥林匹克管理到奥林匹克治理的转型,尤其是在《奥林匹克2020议程》颁布实施之后,逐渐形成了以奥林匹克核心利益相关者为主体的治理架构,奥林匹克运动的5个核心利益相关者包括国际奥委会、奥运会组委会、国家奥委会、国际单项体育联合会、国家体育联盟。奥林匹克治理体系不再是每位利益相关者管理自己事务的问题,而是对各方构成的网络化的全球性治理系统,同时要考虑到它们之间的相互关系。奥林匹克运动和治理体系之间的联系是以人为中心,诸如奥运会选手、运动员、球迷等群体,而奥林匹克治理体系围绕的是各级各类体育社会组织。在顾拜旦看来,奥林匹克主义不可能是个系统,而是一种精神境界。不论我们喜欢与否,奥林匹克的治理前景必须依赖复杂且系统化的网络治理实践。奥林匹克运动的主要目标必须建立在尊重人权之上,只有实现奥林匹克治理的可持续性发展才能实现这一目标。Since the 20th century, the Olympic governance system has undertaken great changes since the stakeholders of 0 -lympics got involved. Modern Olympics has transformed from management to governance and the governance structurewith the core stakeholders of Olympics as its main body has gradually formed. The main five core stakeholders for Olympicare International Olympic Committee, Olympic Organizing Committee, National Olympic Committee, InternationalSports Federation and National Sports Federation. Each stakeholder does not manage its own affairs any more under Olympicgovernance system , under a global internet based governance system. The connection between Olympic Games andgovernance system are the concerns for players, athletes and fans. The Oljmipic governance system centers on various socialorganization of sports at different levels. According to Coubertin, Olympism is a spirit rather than a system. Whetherpeople like it or not, the prospects of Olympic governance must rely on complicated but systematized governance practiceof network. Respect for human rights is the main goal for Olympic Games, which can be achieved only when sustainabledevelopment of Olympic governance is realized.

关 键 词：奥林匹克运动 奥运会 治理体系 国际奥委会 国家奥委会 国际单项体育联合会 国家体育联盟 

分 类 号：G811.21[文化科学—体育学]