餐厨垃圾与污泥厌氧发酵动力学特性分析  

KINETICS CHARACTERIZATION OF ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF FOOD WASTE AND WASTE ACTIVATED SLUDGE

作　　者：李浩[1] 黄慧群[2] LI Hao;HUANG Hui-qun(Xi＇an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd,Xi＇an 710054,China;Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institute Co.,Ltd,Jinan 250013,China)

机构地区：[1]西安热工研究院有限公司,西安710054 [2]山东电力工程咨询院有限公司,济南250013

出　　处：《环境工程》2018年第7期107-112,共6页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51608430)

摘　　要：分别以餐厨垃圾(foodwaste,FW)、剩余污泥(waste active sludge,WAS)及两者混合物(substrate,S)为基质进行中温发酵,对比分析餐厨垃圾和剩余污泥单一发酵及共发酵过程的动力学特性,并利用Gompertz模型对发酵过程的水解、酸化、乙酸化和甲烷化阶段进行模拟,在此过程中分析挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)积累及降解规律。结果表明:混合基质中FW所占比例影响共发酵反应速率;共发酵实际甲烷产率为296 m L/g,高于其理论甲烷产率(273 m L/g),且能创造适当的碱度条件。活性实验表明,以乙酸、丙酸和丁酸为基质的产甲烷菌活性分别为0.134,0.030,0.082 g CH_4-COD/g VSS,且丙酸的延滞时间最长(1.83 d),而共发酵系统中VFAs的主要成分为丙酸和丁酸,限制了其产甲烷速率。因此解决丙酸和丁酸积累可进一步提高共发酵的产甲烷速率。In this study,mesophilic temperature digestion was carried out using foodwaste（ FW）,waste sludge（ WAS） and mixture of FW and WAS as substrates（ S）. The kinetics characteristics of single digestion and co-digestion were investigated.The digestion process of hydrolysis,acidogenesis,acetogenesis and methanogenesis were simulated by Gompertz model,and the regularities of volatile fatty acid（ VFA） accumulation and degradation were analyzed as well. The results showed that the proportion of FW in the mixed substrate had influence on the reaction rate of co-digestion. The methane yield of co-digestion was 296 m L/g,which was higher than the theoretical value（ 273 m L/g）,and co-digestion could resulted in appropriate alkalinity condition. Methanogenic activity（ SMA） test showed that when acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid were used as substrates,the methanogens activity were 0. 134,0. 030 and 0. 082 g CH_4-COD/g,respectively,and the delay time of propionic acid was the longest among them（ 1. 83 d）. As the main components of VFAs,propionic acid and butyric acid may be the main factors limiting methane production rate. Therefore,the methane production rate in co-digestion system could be improved by alleviating the accumulation of propionate and butyric acid.

关 键 词：厌氧发酵 厨余垃圾 剩余污泥 Gompertz模型 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X799.3