基于“3S”技术的水库特征曲线复核——以柘林水库为例  

Re-checking of reservoir characteristic curve based on RS,GPS and GIS technology: case of Zhelin Reservoir

作　　者：张莉芳 张飞峰 单定军 梁犁丽[2] ZHANG Lifang 1,ZHANG Feifeng 1,SHAN Dingjun 1,LIANG Lili 2(1. Zhelin Hydropower Station of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Company,Jiujiang 330317,China;2. Beijing IWHR Technology Co.,Ltd,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,Chin)

机构地区：[1]国网江西省电力公司柘林水电厂,江西九江330317 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院北京中水科水电科技开发有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《人民长江》2018年第11期43-47,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51309254);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0405801;2017YFC0405804);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项项目(AU0145B402017;WR0145B272016)

摘　　要：水库水位、库容是水库设计和运行管理中的重要指标,水库运行若干年后水库特征曲线可能发生变化,影响其调度运行的准确性。利用基于遥感技术的水体信息提取技术,提取了柘林水库死水位至正常蓄水位高程范围内的水面面积;利用RTK-GPS测量技术测量了库区局部高程,结合已有DEM和高程点,建立了数字高程三角网TIN,并提取了正常蓄水位至校核洪水位高程范围内的水面面积;整合两部分水位、面积数据,利用统计原理拟合了柘林水库死水位以上高程范围内的水位-面积曲线,并推算了其新的水位-库容曲线。经与原特征曲线比较,同水位下,新曲线整米级的水面面积平均比原曲线对应值大7.61%,库容平均比原曲线对应值大3.87%。新的水库特征曲线在经过水量平衡和实际运行检验后,可为柘林水库的防洪、发电调度提供可靠的基础资料。所采用技术方法能高效、准确地获取水库的特征曲线,且能节省较多成本,具有较广的应用前景。Water level and storage capacity of a reservoir are the most important data in reservoir operation management. After several years＇ operation,the reservoir＇s characteristic curve may change,which will affect the accuracy of its operation. Taking the Zhelin Reservoir as an example,the paper uses the water body information extraction method based on remote sensing technology to get the areas of the Zhelin Reservoir between the dead and the normal storage level. Then elevations of local points are measured using real-time kinematic positioning GPS of Trimble 5800,combined with the existing DEM and elevation points,the Triangulated Irregular Network（ TIN） is set up,and the water surface areas of the Zhelin Reservoir between the normal storage level and flood checking water level is get. Integrating two parts of data of water levels and their corresponding surface areas,the water level-area curve of the Zhelin Reservoir above the dead water level is fitted by statistical principles,and then the corresponding water level-storage capacity curve according to the water level-area curve is calculated. Compared with the original characteristic curve,the water surface area of the new curve at integer meter level is 7. 61% larger than the corresponding value of the original curve at the same water level,and the average value of the storage capacity is 3. 87% larger than the original curve. After the water balance and the actual running test,the new storage capacity curve can be regarded as reliable basic data for flood controlling and power generation operation of Zhelin hydropower station. The method of characteristic curve re-checking of a reservoir based on RS,GPS and GIS technology has great application prospects,because of its advantages of efficiency,cost saving,accuracy and reliability.

关 键 词：库容曲线 “3S”技术 实时动态定位技术(RTK-GPS) 水面提取 柘林水库 

分 类 号：P33[天文地球—水文科学]