长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)生物学功能及其调控机制  

Biological Function and Regulatory Mechanism of Long Non-coding RNA(lncRNA)

作　　者：刘志宇 曹安[1] 蒋林树[1] 曹素英[1] LIU Zhi-Yu;CAO An;JIANG Lin-Shu;CAO Su-Ying(College of Animal Science and Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院动物科技学院,北京102206

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2018年第8期1419-1430,共12页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(No.31601941);国家自然科学基金(No.31772629);北京市教委项目(No.PXM2016_014207_000008);北京农学院学位点建设-含学位点合格评估-畜牧(专业学位)

摘　　要：长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)为长度大于200个核苷酸且基本不编码蛋白质的转录本,最初发现时被认为是基因表达产物中的暗物质。近些年的研究表明lncRNA在疾病发生、细胞周期、干细胞分化等生物进程中发挥作用,相关的分子机理大致分为四种(信号分子、诱饵分子、引导分子和支架分子)。由于长链非编码RNA数量庞大和复杂的作用机理,这个领域仍然需要科学家们不断地探索。本文结合近年的研究进展,从lncRNA的定义与分类、分子机理、生物学功能、发展前景等方面进行综述,为长链非编码RNA的机制与功能研究提供参考。Long non-coding RNA （lncRNA） is defined as a class of long transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides which are not translated into protein. They were considered as dark matter of products in gene expression at the beginning. IncRNA plays an important role in diseases, cell cycle, stem cells differentiation and so on. The correlative molecular mechanisms are generally classified four types （signals, guides, decoys and scaffolds）. Because of the huge quantities and complex mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs, this research field still needs to be explored. In this review, we combine researches in recent years and summarize the definition, classification, molecular mechanisms, biological functions and prospect, This article provides reference for the study of the mechanisms and functions of lncRNA.

关 键 词：长链非编码RNA(lncRNA) 调控机制 生物学功能 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学] Q71[生物学—分子生物学]