水分胁迫对番茄幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of water stress on physiological characteristics during tomato seedlings period

作　　者：郝舒雪 曹红霞[1] 王虎兵 潘小燕 HAO Shuxue;CAO Hongxia;WANG Hubing;PAN Xiaoyan(Northwest A＆F University,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Educa- tion,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2018年第10期943-947,共5页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2013AA103004);陕西省水利科技计划项目(2014slkj-17);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2452016074)

摘　　要：为了探讨番茄苗期生理特性在水分胁迫胁迫下的响应,试验设置充分灌溉的对照(T)和轻度(T1)、中度(T2)、重度(T3)水分胁迫处理.在试验开始的第5,10,15和20 d,测定各处理番茄幼苗的叶绿素荧光参数、气孔特征及抗氧化酶等指标.与对照相比,不同程度水分胁迫条件下,随胁迫程度的增大,各处理番茄幼苗的PSⅡ光化学效率(F_v/F_m)、光化学淬灭(qP)及电子传递速率(ETR)均有所下降,且由大到小基本表现为T,T1,T2,T3;处理T1,T2和T3的气孔密度、长度及宽度均有所减小,重度水分胁迫条件下,气孔关闭;叶片中的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶及过氧化氢酶活性随着水分胁迫的加重而增加.轻度水分胁迫番茄幼苗各生理指标与对照差异较小,故可在番茄苗期进行50%~60%田间持水量的参考灌溉制度.The aim of this study was to investigate the response on the physiological characteristics of tomato seedlings under water stress, and provide theoretical reference for the water management and ir- rigation schedule during tomato seedlings period. The tomato type which selected for experiment was ＂ Changfeng No. 5＂ , and there were four water levels ： full irrigation, mild, moderate and severe water stress. The indexes were measured every five days for a total of 20 days. The results indicate that un- der the water stress condition, the maximal photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fm ） , photochemical quen- ching coefficient （qP） and electron transport rate （ETR） decrease remarkably, and the performance of all the treatments from high to low is T,T1, T2 and T3. On the other hand, the stomatal density, length and width of T1, T2 and T3 decrease a lot compared to the control. Furthemmre, the stomata deeply closes under sevetre water stress. The leaf antioxidant enzyme activities increase with the inmreasing of water stress levels. The physiological parameters under the mild water stress have no obviously dismre- pancy compared to CK. Therefore, the trefetrence irrigation regime： 50% -60% of field capacity can be used for reference in the tomato seedling stage.

关 键 词：番茄幼苗 叶绿素荧光 抗氧化酶 水分胁迫 气孔特性 

分 类 号：S641[农业科学—蔬菜学]