土壤空间变异对水氮淋失和产量影响的模拟研究  

Assessing influence of soil spatial variability on water leakage,nitrate leaching and yield

作　　者：温江丽[1,2] 李久生 赵伟霞[1] 栗岩峰[1] WEN Jiangli;LI Jiusheng;ZHAO weixia;LI Yanfeng(State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [2]北京农业智能装备技术研究中心,北京100097

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2018年第10期1035-1040,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD12B05)

摘　　要：基于CERES-Maize模型,研究了土壤空间变异和水文年型对半干旱地区土壤水氮淋失和玉米产量的影响.结果表明,土壤空间变异对作物产量和土壤水氮淋失的影响程度与降雨密切相关.丰水年水氮淋失量显著高于平水年和枯水年.降雨对作物产量和农田尺度水氮淋失的空间变异有明显影响,并能在一定程度上减弱土壤空间变异对产量和农田尺度水氮淋失的影响.随着土壤空间变异程度的增大,产量降低,产量的空间变异程度增加.水分渗漏和氮淋失量随土壤空间变异的增加呈增加趋势.当土壤黏粒和粉粒含量变异系数CV≥0.2时,在水氮管理中考虑土壤空间变异有利于提高作物产量,减轻水氮淋失.The influences of spatial variability of soil properlies and precipitation patterns on crop yield and nitrate leaching in the growth stage of maize were studied using the CERES - Maize crop model. The results indicate that the precipitation can damp the effect of soil spatial variability on water lea- kage, nitrate leaching and maize yield. The maize yield, water leakage, and nitrate leaching during a wet year are obviously higher than those during a normal year and a dry year. The precipitation can damp the effect of soil spatial variability on nitrate leaching and on maize yield. The maize yield de- creases and the spatial variability of maize yield increases with the increasing of soil spatial variability. It is of imporetance to consider soil spatial variability in developing water and nitrogen management when the variation coefficient of silt and clay content exceeds 0.2.

关 键 词：大型喷灌机 空间变异 DSSAT 玉米 水氮淋失 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]