水肥耦合对温室番茄生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响  

Effects of water-fertilizer coupling on greenhouse tomato growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters

作　　者：王虎兵 曹红霞[1] 郝舒雪 潘小燕 WANG Hubiing;CAO Hongxia;HAO Shuxue;PAN Xiaoyan(College of Water Conservancy and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A＆F University/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas of Ministry of Education,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院/旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2018年第10期1047-1052,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"项目(2013AA103004);陕西省水利科技计划项目(2014slkj-17);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2452016074)

摘　　要：为探究不同水肥供应对番茄植株生长和叶绿素荧光参数的影响,通过日光温室试验,设置3个灌水量:1.00E(W1),0.75E(W2),0.50E(W3)和3个施肥水平N-P_2O_5-K_2O(F):320-160-320 kg/hm^2(F1),240-120-240 kg/hm^2(F2),160-80-160 kg/hm^2(F3),当地灌水施肥为对照CK.结果表明:番茄株高受灌水和施肥影响显著(除58 d外),随灌水量施肥量的增加而增大,水肥交互作用仅对28,38 d株高产生显著影响.茎粗在48 d后受施肥影响显著,在W1水平下随施肥量增加而增大.低肥低水利于番茄根冠比提高.灌水对植株F_v/F_m和ΦPSⅡ影响显著,施肥对F_v/F_m(除56 d外)及79 d后的ΦPSⅡ影响极显著,而水肥交互仅对93 d F_v/F_m影响显著;植株F_v/F_m随灌水量增加而增大,在79 d时随施肥量增加而提高,ΦPSⅡ在79 d后随灌水量和施肥量的增加而增大(除处理W3F2).综合分析,番茄株高、茎粗及植株F_v/F_m与ΦPSⅡ在处理W1F1下总体较好,利于作物生长和产量形成.In order to explore the effects of different amounts of irrigation and fertilizer on plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of tomatoes, through solar greenhouse experiments, water volumes were set as 1.00E （ Wl ）, 0. 75E （W2） and 0. 50E （W3）. Fertilizer treatments of N - P2 05 - K20 （F） included 320 -160 -320 kg/hm2（F1）, 240 - 120 -240 kg/hm^2（F2） and 160 -80 - 160 kg/hm^2 （F3）. Besides, the local irrigation and fertilization were set as control （CK）. The results show that irrigation and fertilization have a significant effect on plant height except for 58 d. And the plant height increases with irrigation and fertilization increasing. The interaction of water and fertilizer only has a significant effect on plant height at 28 d and 38 d. The fertilization has a significant effect on stem diameter after 48 d, and the stem diameter increases with the amount of fertilizer rising at Wl le- vel. Low fertilizer and low water are beneficial to the enhancement of the root - shoot ratio of tomatoes. hTigation has a significant effect on Fv/Fm and φPS II , and the fertilization also has a significant effect on Fv/Fm except for 56 d and φPS II at 79 d. The interaction of water and fertilizer only has a signifi- cant effect on Fr/Fm at 93 d. Fr/Fm increases with irrigation amount increasing, and increases with the increasing of fertilizer at 79 d. While the φPS II increases by increasing irrigation and fertilization after 79 d except for W3 F2 treatment. Tomato plant height, stem diameter, F/Fm and φPS II through the comprehensive analysis are all better when irrigation amount is 1.00E and fertilizer amount is 320 -160 -320 kg/hm2, which is beneficial to crop growth and yield.

关 键 词：番茄 水肥耦合 生长指标 最大光化学效率 实际光化学效率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]