野战帐篷医院系统X线诊断单元X线防护模块研究  

Study on X-ray protection module in radiodiagnosis unit of tent-form field medical system

作　　者：石梅生 田涛 马军 陈平 张彦军 邓橙 伍瑞昌 SHI Meisheng, TIAN Tao, MA Jun, CHEN Ping, ZHANG Yanjun, DENG Cheng, WU Ruichang(Institute of Medical Support Technology, Academy of System Engineering of Academy of Military Science of Chinese PLA,Tianjin 300161, Chin)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院系统工程研究院卫勤保障技术研究所,天津300161

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2018年第6期10-14,共5页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：军队重大项目(AWS11Z005)

摘　　要：目的 :对X线诊断单元的X线防护模块进行研究,以便在野战帐篷医院系统开展立位、卧位战伤X线诊断作业时为X线诊断工作人员、其他医务人员和公众提供X线防护。方法:根据野战帐篷医院系统勤务需求和X线帐篷作业方式,提出以铅作为防护材料、借助立位摄片架和卧位诊断床形成的局部密闭式防护结构方案;基于该方案,针对来自于X线诊断设备的辐射源,应用X线辐射防护原理,测算铅帘铅当量,设计快插式侧向折叠结构的防护支架,研制由铅帘、防护支架和警示牌等构成的X线防护模块。结果:立位投照方向X线辐射剂量最高,公众在该方向距帐篷外1 m处所受的年剂量为78.8μSv,该值远低于公众年剂量1 m Sv限值;防护支架强度满足使用要求,悬挂铅帘后,支架横杆最大变形量为15 mm。结论:该模块设计巧妙、结构简单、操作易行,可快速展开和撤收,便于搬运和装卸,防护效果满足GB 18871—2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》规定的辐射防护要求,可作为平时和战时对人员进行X线诊断使用。Objective To study on the X-ray protection module in the radiodiagnosis unit to protect X-ray technicians, other medical staffs and etc against radiation during standing and lying X-ray examinations in the tent-form field medical system. Methods A local tightness protection solution was put forward involving in lead protective materials, standing shoot rack,diagnosis couch as well as considerations on the service orientation of the tent-form field medical system and the operation mode of the X-ray tent.A protective support with fast -plug and lateral folding structure was designed based on X -ray radiation protection principle and lead equivalent calculation of the lead curtain. An X-ray protection module was developed with the lend curtain, protective support, warning sign and etc. Results The dose peaked at vertical direction, and at vertical direction the annual dose to the public 1 m away from the tent was 78.8 μSv which was far lower than the limit value 1 mSv.The strength of the protective support met the requirements, and the maximum deformation of the support bar was 15 mm after the suspension of the lead curtain. The X-ray protection module gains advantages in design, structure, operation,rapid deployment and withdrawal, handling and transport as well as protective effective according to GB 18871-2002 regulation, and thus can be used for X-ray diagnosis at peace and war time.

关 键 词：X线防护 模块化设计 铅帘 防护支架 帐篷医院 X线诊断 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R197.39[医药卫生—基础医学]