果蝇模型在肾结石研究中的优势与应用前景  

Applications and advantages of drosophila melanogaster models in nephrolithiasis research

作　　者：韩善福 王宁[1,2] 徐华 张俊峰[1,2] 孙溪峰 陈志强 HAN Shanfu;WANG Ning;XU Hua;ZHANG Junfeng;SUN Xifeng;CHEN Zhiqiang(Department of Urology,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,430030,China;Hubei Institute of Urology)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院泌尿外科,武汉430030 [2]湖北省泌尿外科研究所

出　　处：《临床泌尿外科杂志》2018年第7期578-581,585,共5页Journal of Clinical Urology

摘　　要：目前对尿石症的研究主要采用啮齿类动物来构建动物模型。近年来的研究发现,果蝇的马氏管在解剖结构、生理功能和遗传学特征上都与人类肾脏的肾小管和集合管极为类似,改变遗传或环境因素可以诱导马氏管里产生大量的草酸钙结晶,从而建立果蝇肾结石模型。果蝇作为遗传学的经典模式生物,较之传统的啮齿类动物模型具有独特的优势,将其应用于人类肾结石的研究有望加深人们对结石形成机制的认识。本文综述了果蝇的肾脏系统概况、果蝇在肾结石研究中的优势与缺陷和业已建立的果蝇肾结石模型,并对其在肾结石研究中的应用适当展望,以期为国内尿石症的研究提供参考。Nowadays we mainly use rodent models to study urolithiasis.Recently researchers have shown that the Malpighian tubules（MTs）of drosophila resembles human renal tubules and collecting duct in anatomy,physiological function and genetic expression.By altering genetic and environmental factors,it is possible to induce calcium oxalate crystals formation in the MTs,thus a drosophila model of urinary stone was established.As a classic animal model in genetics,drosophila has numerous advantages over the traditional mammalian models.The development of drosophila models has enabled us to better understand the mechanism of renal stone formation.This review mainly focus on the renal anatomy of drosophila,the advantages and limitations of drosophila models,established drosophila models used for renal stone research and the potential application of drosophila model in renal stone research.It is hopeful that this review provide insight for the further researches in urolithiasis.

关 键 词：肾结石 草酸钙晶体 动物模型 果蝇 马氏管 

分 类 号：R692.4[医药卫生—泌尿科学]