高寒草甸草地土壤贮水量对牧压梯度的响应  

The Response of Soil Water Storage to Different Grazing Gradients in An Alpine Meadow

作　　者：祝景彬 贺慧丹 李红琴[1,3] 杨永胜[1,3] 未亚西[1,2] 罗谨 李英年 ZHU Jing-bin;HE Hui-dan;LI Hong-qin;YANG Yong-sheng;WEI Ya-xi;LUO Jin;LI Ying-nian(Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beij ing 10004：9,China;Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xining 810001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,青海西宁810001 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点试验室,青海西宁810001

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2018年第4期88-94,共7页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604801;2016YFC0501802)资助

摘　　要：为探讨放牧情况下土壤水分驱动特征,揭示其水源涵养能力,以青海海北高寒草甸为研究对象,采用实地采样与室内测试分析相结合的方法,分析了禁牧(CK)、轻牧(LG)、中牧(MG)、重牧(HG)等不同牧压梯度下植被生长季5~9月的土壤贮水量特征及其与环境因素的关系。结果表明:在0~50cm层次上,牧压梯度并未显著改变土壤贮水量的季节变化动态,均表现在5、6月高,7月低,8月以后缓慢升高。但封育提高了土壤贮水量,0~50cm层次土壤平均贮水量表现出CK>HG>LG>MG,分别为222.82±26.44mm、199.71±16.91mm、189.00±16.36mm、187.69±14.71mm,表明禁牧有利于提高土壤贮水量。同一时期土壤贮水量垂直分布变化受牧压梯度影响较小,不同月份土壤贮水量在垂直变化上呈现出不同变化趋势。土壤含水率与容重显著负相关(P<0.01),与毛管孔隙度、土壤有机质含量、地下生物量显著正相关(P<0.01),暗示放牧管理通过驱动土壤特征来影响土壤贮水量。To explore soil water drive characteristic and reveal its ability of water conservation in Haibei alpine meadow of Qinghai province.The experiments of grazing gradients（no grazing（CK）,light grazing（LG）,moderate grazing（MG）and heavy grazing（HG））in alpine meadow was conducted and the soil water storage and its relationship with environmental factors were analyzed during plant growing from May to September.The results showed that the temporal patterns of soil water storage did not significantly change among grazing gradients.It was higher in May and June,and decreased in July and increased slowly in August.The average soil water storage in the whole layer of 0~50 cm during plant growing season was ranked as CK〉 HG〉 LG〉 MG,with the value of 222.82±26.44 mm,199.71±16.91 mm,189.00±16.36 mm,187.69±14.71 mm respectively,which suggested that forbidden grazing could increase soil water storage clearly.The vertical distribution of soil water storage in the same period was less affected by the grazing gradient and showed different trends in different months.Soil water content was significantly negatively correlated with soil bulk density and positively correlated with the capillary porosity,soil organic matter content and underground biomass（P 〈0.01）,which suggested that grazing management influenced soil water storage by driving soil characteristics in alpine grassland.

关 键 词：牧压梯度 高寒草甸草地 土壤贮水量 影响因素 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]