家禽卵泡发育特点及选择机制的研究进展  

Characteristics of Follicular Development and Mechanism of Ovarian Follicle Selection in Poultry

作　　者：李琴[1,2] LI Qin(Chongqing Academy of Animal Science,Chongqing 402460;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Goose Genetic Improvement,Chongqing 402460)

机构地区：[1]重庆市畜牧科学院,重庆402460 [2]重庆市肉鹅遗传改良工程技术研究中心,重庆402460

出　　处：《中国家禽》2018年第13期1-6,共6页China Poultry

基　　金：重庆市科研院所绩效激励引导专项项目(cstc2017jxjl0056;cstc2017jxjl0037);国家自然科学基金项目(31572386)

摘　　要：母禽产蛋性能的高低主要取决于卵巢上未分化的等级前卵泡数量。家禽卵泡具有独特的等级发育特性,等级前卵泡发育到等级卵泡的过程中,将会从小黄卵泡池中选择一个卵泡,进入等级卵泡并发育成熟。在卵泡发育过程中,只有极少数卵泡能够发育成为等级卵泡并成熟排卵。等级前和等级后卵泡在组织形态、类固醇分泌等方面存在明显的变化,这种变化为卵泡持续发育提供物质和功能上的准备。促卵泡素受体(FSHR)和抗缪勒氏激素(AMH)在等级前卵泡活性维持及等级卵泡的选择中起决定作用。通过对家禽卵泡发育特点、选择机制、FSHR和AMH在卵泡选择中的作用以及卵泡选择过程转录组测序等方面进行综述,以了解禽类卵泡发育调控机制,为提高家禽产蛋性能和改良品种奠定理论基础。The reproductive strategy for avian species that produce a sequence of eggs is dependent upon the maintenance of a small cohort of undifferentiated（prehierarchal） follicles.Follicle development in poultry is characterized by a well-organized follicular hierarchy.The selection of a single follicle into the preovulatory hierarchy from a cohort of prehierarchal large yellow follicles occurs.Only a relatively few of follicle will reach maturity and ovulate within the life span of most domestic species.There are some evident changes based on histological character and steroidogenesis between prehierarchal and hierarchal follicle,which provide material and functional readiness for follicle development.Follicle stimulating hormone receptor（FSHR） and anti-mullerian hormone（AMH） have been shown to have a role in maintaining prehierarchal follicular undifferentiation and hierarchal follicular selection.These data suggest that information about FSHR,AMH regulation and transcriptome profiling in follicle selection may enhance our understanding of follicle development in poultry.And which laid an important theoretical foundation to improve egg production and breed improvement.

关 键 词：家禽 卵泡发育 卵泡选择 FSHR AMH 卵巢 类固醇激素合成分泌 

分 类 号：S831.2[农业科学—畜牧学]