湖北省水稻技术推广率时空演变及其影响因素研究  

Spatial and temporal evolution and its influencing factors of rice technology extension rate in Hubei

作　　者：陈实[1] 刘颖[1,2] 宋宝辉 CHEN Shi;LIU Ying;SONG Bao-hui(College of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025,China;College of Agriculture,California State University,Chico,CA 95929-0310,USA)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,长江大学,湖北荆州434025 [3]College of Agriculture,California State University,Chico,CA 95929-0310,USA

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2018年第4期601-609,共9页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(2662017PY062).

摘　　要：通过构建水稻技术推广率评价指标,探究了湖北省1996—2014年不同类型水稻技术相对推广率的时空演变规律,并利用广义最小二乘法(FGLS)实证分析影响湖北省水稻综合技术推广率的主要因素。结果表明:1)湖北省水稻综合技术推广率呈波动上升趋势,化学调控技术相对推广率结构比重最大;2)受育秧栽培技术与化学调控技术相对推广率的共同作用,湖北省水稻综合技术推广率逐步形成"两边高,中间低"的布局。其中,育秧栽培技术相对推广率历经初始的全面提升到近些年大面积回落,最终向鄂西北等山地农业区聚集,而化学调控技术相对推广率偏高区则逐渐向鄂西南等水稻种植规模较大地区聚集;3)农技承包人员有效密度与湖北省水稻综合技术推广率并不存在显著影响关系,种植业产值比重、农村居民人均纯收入、农户经营规模以及分属丘陵平原农业区均对水稻综合技术推广率具有显著正向影响。因此,提出优化农业技术特性、因地制宜开展农技推广工作、完善湖北省农技推广体系和扩大农户经营规模等建议。By constructing an evaluation index of rice technology extension rate, this paper explored the spatial and temporal evolution of the extension rate of different types of rice technology in Hubei Province from 1996 to 2014 and analyzed the main factors that affect the extension rate of the comprehensive rice technology using the generalized least square method. Results show that I） the extension rate of the comprehensive rice technology showed an increasing trend with some fluctuations in Hubei Province and the relative extension rate of chemical regulation technology took the largest share; 2） the extension rate of the comprehensive rice technology in Hubei Province has gradually formed a pattern of ＂high on both sides and low in the middle＂ under the influences of both seedling nursery technology and chemical regulation technology. The relative extension rate of seedling nursery technology increased dramatically at the beginning and dropped quickly in recent years and eventually gathered in mountainous agricultural areas such as the northwest of Hubei Province. However, the high relative extension rate of chemical regulation technology gradually moved to the southwest of Hubei Province where the rice farm scales were relatively larger; 3） there was no significant relationship between the effective density of agricultural technology contractors and the extension rate of the comprehensive rice technology in Hubei province and the crop output value share of the agricultural industry, the per capita net income of rural residents, the operation scale, and the geographical location of rice production had significant positive effects on the extension rate of the comprehensive rice technology. Based on the results above, this paper suggests to optimize agricultural technology characteristics, to carry out agricultural technology extension work in line with local conditions, to improve agricultural technology extension system in Hubei Province, and to expand the operation scale of rice farms.

关 键 词：技术推广率 时空演变 影响因素 水稻 湖北省 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]