新疆兵团农牧团场公司化改革的困境与对策  

Challenges and strategies for the commercialization of regimental farms of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

作　　者：欧阳金琼[1] 马琼[1] 肖云云 OUYANG Jin-qiong;MA Qiong;XIAO Yun-yun(College of Economics and Management,Tarim University,Afar,Xinjiang 843300,Chin)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学经济管理学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2018年第4期673-679,共7页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(17BGL148;15XJY014);塔里木大学校长基金重点项目(TDSKZD1701)~~

摘　　要：新疆生产建设兵团农牧团场公司化改革是创新政府资源配置方式,深化团场市场化改革的大胆尝试,同时也是培育新型农业经营主体,构建新型农业经营体系的迫切需要。为了解兵团农牧团场综合改革试点工作的现实进展,总结公司化改革进程中的经验与问题,确保公司化改革全面推广与持续推进,对兵团第一师各农牧团场进行了调研。结果发现,农牧团场公司化改革取得了一定成效,大多数团场成立了农业经营公司,产业结构进一步优化,抗风险能力显著增强,发展空间进一步扩大,经营效率明显提高,实践证明公司化改革是未来兵团团场改革的正确方向。但由于兵团的特殊体制,团场公司化改革面临诸多困境,集中表现为体制不畅、政企不分、职责不明、分配制度不合理,以及公司属性与员工属性不明确等问题,导致团场公司化改革进程相对缓慢。因此,提出了简政放权、改革干部任命制度、创新土地流转制度、赋予职工双重身份、引入民营资本等政策建议。It is a bold attempt to pilot the commercialization reform for the regimental farms of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps （XPCC）, which reflects the innovation of the government＇s resource allocation method and deepen the marketization of the regimental farms. There is also an urgent need to cultivate new agricultural management entities and to build a new type of agricultural management system. In order to grasp the reform progress of some pilot regimental farms, to summarize the experiences and problems in the process of commercialization, and to ensure the comprehensive and continuous promotion of the commercialization reform, this paper investigated and analysed some regimental farms of the first division of the XPCC. Results show that： it has already achieved some success for the commercialization reform in the XPCC and most of the farms have established agricultural management companies, the industrial structure has been optimized, the ability of risk management has been enhanced, and the production efficiency has been improved. These achievements indicate that the commercialization reform is the correct direction to go for the regimental farms. However, because of the special system of the XPCC, it must overcome more difficulties, such as the imperfect system, indistinct duties between authority and enterprise, unreasonable distribution systems, and unclear status of the company＇s attributes and employee＇s attributes, leading to slow progress of the regimental farm reform. To speed up the commercialization reform for the regimental farms, this paper suggests to streamline administration and power, to change the leadership appointment system, to innovate land transfer mechanism, to give dual identities to farm employees, and to introduce and attract more private capitals.

关 键 词：新疆生产建设兵团 兵团团场 国营农场 公司化 改革 

分 类 号：F306.1[经济管理—产业经济]