利用PTV测量细颗粒泥沙粒径和沉速  

Measurement of particle sizes and settling velocities of fine sediment based on PTV

作　　者：张凌越 李文杰[2] 杨胜发[2] 肖毅[2] ZHANG Lingyue;LI Wenjie;YANG Shengfa;XIAO Yi(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Hydraulic and Water Transport Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074;National Inland Waterway Regulation Engineering Research Center,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心,重庆400074

出　　处：《水力发电学报》2018年第7期20-28,共9页Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0402103);国家自然科学基金(51679019)

摘　　要：细颗粒泥沙粒径和沉速的测量问题目前仍未完全解决,文章提出了一种基于PTV技术的细颗粒泥沙粒径和沉速测量方法。通过室内细颗粒泥沙非絮凝沉降试验研究,分析了图像二值化阈值对泥沙颗粒识别的影响,提出直接采用合适的阈值代替传统的最大类间方差法;根据泥沙颗粒级配以及图像分辨率和采样频率对颗粒匹配参数进行了设定;对粒径和沉速可基于Stokes公式互相矫正以保证测量的准确性。总体来看,PTV技术测量细颗粒泥沙粒径和沉速可行,为后续细泥沙絮凝粒径和沉速的研究奠定了基础。The traditional measurements of the particle sizes and settling velocities of fine sediment need to be improved. This paper describes a method for the measurements adopting PTV technique. We conduct an experiment on the settling of non-flocculating fine particles, analyze the threshold for image binarization, and suggest that using a constant threshold replaces Otsu＇s method. A set of particle matching parameters are selected by particle grade, image resolution, and sampling frequency, and the particle size and settling velocity are corrected using the Stokes formula to ensure a good accuracy of the measurements. In general, PTV is a feasible technique for measuring particle sizes and settling velocities of fine sediment, and this work lays a basis for further study.

关 键 词：细颗粒泥沙 粒径 沉速 PTV 

分 类 号：TV141.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]