湖泊水质调控的水位研究——以磁湖为例  

Water level control for quality of lakes:A case study of Cihu Lake

作　　者：蒋婷[1] 张艳军[1] 鲍正风[2] 冼翠玲 林沛榕 刘佳明 JIANG Ting;ZHANG Yanjun;BAO Zhengfeng;XIAN Cuiling;LIN Peirong;LIU Jiaming(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Three Gorges Cascade Dispatch ＆ Communication Center,Yichang 443133,China;Changjiang Institute of Survey,Planning,Design and Research,Wuhan 430015,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]三峡水利枢纽梯级调度通信中心,湖北宜昌443133 [3]长江勘测规划设计研究院,湖北武汉430015

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2018年第7期570-576,共7页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51209162,51379149,51279140,51279143)

摘　　要：为使水行政部门增加一种改善湖泊水质状况的新策略,研究讨论了水质调控的概念：在来污条件不变的情况下,通过变动水位来调控水质,使湖泊水质达到水功能区划的要求.提出水质调控水位新概念,即为使湖泊水质达到水功能区划要求时所需的最低水位或水位区间.基于水质调控水位、水环境容量、水域纳污能力概念和湖泊水质迁移转化方程,以化学需氧量（COD）为典型污染物,分别提出采用水环境容量控制法、水域纳污能力控制法和非稳态水质指标控制法计算湖泊的水质调控水位.这3种方法在黄石磁湖的应用实例表明：调控湖泊水位能够使湖泊水质状况大幅改善;水环境容量控制法计算的水质调控水位最高,非稳态水质指标控制法居中,水域纳污能力控制法最低;由于这种策略实质是对水域纳污能力或水环境容量的逆向应用,具备广泛应用的基础.A concept of water quality control is discussed in this study;that makes water quality achieves the environment object of a water function zone by controlling its water level on the condition of unchanged production and shifting of pollutants.This concept means to help water administration departments owning a new strategy to improve lake water quality.And from this concept;a new concept is proposed called water level controlling water quality of lake which is the lowest water level or water level range makes water quality achieving the environment object of a water function zone discussed in water quality control concept.From this new concept;this article;choosing the chemical oxygen demand（COD）as typical pollutant;comes up with three different methods based on water environmental capacity concept;water pollution capacity concept and lake water quality equation respectively;to calculate water level controlling quality of lake that is the water level a lake should maintain when making lake water quality achieves the environment object of its water function zone.These three methods are water environmental capacity method;water pollution capacity method and lake water quality equation method;respectively.And then these mothods are used to study Cihu Lake in Huangshi of Hubei Province.The results show：It＇s helpful for improving lake water quality by controlling its water level.Among the calculated water level controlling quality of lake;water environmental capacity method is the highest;water pollution capacity method is the lowest and lake water quality equation method is between the two.This study could be used widely for it＇sessentially a reverse application of water environmental capacity or water pollution capacity.

关 键 词：湖泊 水质调控 水质调控水位 磁湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]