黄土丘陵沟壑区雨水资源化途径及潜力分析  

Settlement Location Determination and Analysis of Rainwater Resources and Ecological Water in Hilly and Gully Regions of Loess Plateau

作　　者：马永强[1] 李梦华[1] 郝姗姗 石云[1,2] MA Yong-qiang;LI Meng-hua;HAO Shan-shan;SHI Yun(College of Resources and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinehuan 750021,China;Ningxia（China-Arab）Key Laboratory of Resources Assessment and Environment Regulation in Arid Regions,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏(中阿)旱区资源评价与环境调控实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2018年第7期9-14,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161081);宁夏自然科学基金项目(NZ16027);宁夏高校基金(NGY2016017)

摘　　要：针对黄土丘陵沟壑区水资源匮乏问题,提高雨水资源利用率。研究以国产GF-2(1 m)遥感影像、DEM(5 m×5 m)和土壤类型图为基础数据,综合应用3S技术、soil conservation service(SCS)水文模型和水土保持生态用水量方法,获取土地利用现状、坡度、地表径流潜力等信息;根据雨水集蓄工程技术规范及研究区特点,确定集雨工程位置和类型,计算研究区可收集雨水资源量与水土保持生态用水量。研究结果表明:高建堡小流域适宜修建水窖的位置为52处,蓄水池为15处,适宜修建塘坝的面积为8.29 hm2,适宜布置庭院集雨区的面积为22.27 hm2,年均水土保持措施生态用水量约为204.76万m3,年均可收集雨水资源量约为158.95万m3。研究方法适合研究区,结果可为集雨工程建设及雨水资源的合理开发利用提供科学指导和理论支撑。In view of the shortage of water resources and the low utilization of rainwater resources in the loess hilly gully regions,this study took the small watershed of the loess hilly gully region in Pengyang Countyas an example and used GF-2（ 1 m） remote sensing image,soil type map and DEM（ 5 m × 5 m） as the basic data and comprehensive implementing 3 S technology,soil conservation service（ SCS）hydrological model and Soil and water conservation ecological water consumption method. Study access to land use status,slope,surface runoff potential and other information.Based on the technical specifications of rainwater harvesting project and the characteristics of the study area,the paper determines the location and type of rainwater harvesting project and calculates the amount of rainwater resources and water and soil conservation ecological water consumption in the study area.The study results show that： the small watershed has 52 position suitable for cellar construction and 15 position for reservoir,and the appropriate area for constructing dam and courtyard rainfall collection layout is8.29 and 22.27 hm^2.The average annual ecological water consumption for soil and water conservation measures is about 2 047 600 m^3,and the annual average amount of rainwater collected is 1 589 500 m^3. The research methods and results can provide scientific guidance and theoretical support for the construction of rainwater harvesting projects and the rational development and utilization of rainwater resources.

关 键 词：SCS-CN 黄土丘陵沟壑区 集雨工程 GIS 径流潜力 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]