小胶质细胞在蛛网膜下腔出血后脑损伤中作用机制的研究进展  

Research progress of the role of microglia in the brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage

作　　者：彭舒晨 杨晓梅[1] PENG Shu-chen;YANG Xiao-mei(Department of Anatomy and Histo-embryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部人体解剖学与组织学胚胎学系,北京100083

出　　处：《解剖学报》2018年第4期556-560,共5页Acta Anatomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(81100856)

摘　　要：小胶质细胞是位于中枢的单核巨噬细胞系统成员,对维持中枢神经系统的稳态有重要意义。蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)是脑卒中的一种亚型,其发生后会造成72 h内早期脑损伤,以及SAH后3~15 d迟发性脑损伤。以往认为,血管痉挛在SAH后脑损伤中发挥重要作用,但脑损伤中的炎症反应近年逐渐受到重视,其中小胶质细胞可在SAH后早期和延迟相脑损伤的炎症反应中向不同方向极化,既可发挥促炎作用,也可产生神经保护作用。我们综述近几年小胶质细胞在SAH后脑损伤中发挥的作用及相关治疗靶点的研究进展及相关热点,为临床处理该类疾病提供潜在治疗靶点。Objective Microglia,a member of mononuclear phagocyte system,plays a significant role in maintaining homeostasis in central nervous system（ CNS）. As a subtype of stroke,subarachnoid hemorrhage（ SAH） leads to an early brain injury within 72 hours and a delayed brain injury in 3-5 days. Vasospasm used to be regarded as a crucial mechanism of brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage,but recently increasing attention is focused on inflammation in brain injury. Microglia polarize to M1 type to act as an pro-inflammatory agent or to M2 type to become a neuro-protector in inflammation in both early stage and delay stage after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Here,we summarize researches on the role of microglia in the brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage,to find the research hotspot and provide potential targets for further clinical investigations.

关 键 词：蛛网膜下腔出血 小胶质细胞 脑损伤 

分 类 号：R322[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]