生物高分子材料在软骨组织工程中的应用  

Biopolymer materials for cartilage tissue engineering

作　　者：冯乃波 常非[1] 韩宇 王鑫 Feng Nai-bo;Chang Fei;Han Yu;Wang Xin(Second Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130000,Jilin Province,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第二医院,吉林省长春市130000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2018年第26期4215-4221,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81671804):负载TNF-α抑制剂的骨髓基质干细胞在类风湿性关节炎治疗中的协同作用及机制;吉林省科技厅自然科学基金(20160101109JC):骨髓基质干细胞靶向运载肿瘤坏死因子α抑制剂在类风湿关节炎治疗中的作用及机制(白求恩专项)~~

摘　　要：背景:生物高分子材料在软骨组织工程中具有独特优势,近年来在软骨修复修复方面备受研究者青睐。目的:总结近年来国内外研发的生物高分子材料在软骨组织工程中的应用。方法:由第一作者检索PubMed、Sciencedirect、Medline数据库2000年1月至2017年6月发表的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为"English",检索词为"cartilage defect,biopolymer",初检文章305篇,筛选后对72篇文章进行分类总结。结果与结论:现常用的高分子化合物材料分为天然(包括天然高分子蛋白质、多糖和聚核苷酸)和人工合成(包括聚乳酸、聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇等)两种类型。生物高分子材料设计的多层支架是软骨修复的创新之一,它符合天然软骨的组织结构构成,使得新生软骨的生物力学性能、机械强度及抗剪切力等性能与正常软骨组织相似。同时生物高分子材料支架、水凝胶等可以负载干细胞、细胞因子等,协同修复软骨缺损,取得理想修复结果。尽管生物高分子材料仍有一定的使用局限性,但其必将成为软骨修复的热点选择之一。BACKGROUND： Biopolymer materials have unique advantages in cartilage tissue engineering, which have become an increasing concern in cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the application of biopolymer materials in cartilage tissue engineering in recent years. METHODS： The first author retrieved PubMed, ScienceDirect and Medline databases for relevant articles published from January 2000 to June 2017. The key words were “cartilage defect, biopolymer” in English. Initially305 articles were retrieved, and finally 72 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Commonly used polymer compounds are classified into natural materials（including natural polymer proteins, polysaccharides and polynucleotides） and synthetic materials （including polylactic acid, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol）. The multilayer scaffold technology is one of the application innovations of biopolymer materials. This scaffold is consistent with the natural cartilage in the structure, on which newborn cartilage tissues develop similar biomechanical properties, mechanical strength and shear resistance to normal cartilage. Biopolymer scaffolds and hydrogels can load stem cells and cytokines and exert a synergistic repair of cartilage defects, which have achieved desired repair results. Despite limitations in clinical practice, biopolymer materials will surely become a hot issue in cartilage repair.

关 键 词：软骨组织工程 生物高分子材料 骨髓间充质干细胞 软骨缺损 国家自然科学基金 生物材料 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]