淄博市区大气颗粒物重金属元素分布特征及其来源分析  

Distribution Characteristics and Sources of Heavy Metals in Urban Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Zibo City

作　　者：代杰瑞[1] 喻超[1] 张明杰 董建[1] 胡雪平[1] Dai Jierui;Yu Chao;Zhang Mingjie;Dong Jian;Hu Xueping(Shandong Institute of Geological Survey,Jinan 250013,China;Geological Experimental Testing Center of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430027,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省地质调查院,济南250013 [2]湖北省地质实验测试中心,武汉430027

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（地球科学版）》2018年第4期1201-1211,共11页Journal of Jilin University：Earth Science Edition

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120114062901)~~

摘　　要：为科学认识淄博市区大气颗粒物污染状况,探讨颗粒物的污染水平和元素在颗粒物中的分布与分配特征,对颗粒物中元素的来源进行分析。于2015年冬季和夏季期间分别布设45个和16个采样点采集悬浮颗粒物(TSP)、PM10及PM2.5样品,分析了颗粒物和18种元素(或化合物)的质量浓度。结果表明:1)大气颗粒物中冬季TSP、PM10及PM2.5的质量浓度均值高于夏季;PM10和PM2.5质量浓度均超过国家标准,其中冬季PM2.5质量浓度是标准限值的1.96倍。2)不同粒径的颗粒物中元素质量分数差别显著,As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn等多数重金属元素主要富集在PM2.5中,且PM2.5约占PM10的65%(冬季)和73%(夏季)。3)颗粒物PM2.5中Al_2O_3、CaO、Fe_2O_3、K_2O、MgO等氧化物主要受土壤扬尘控制;As、Cd、Hg、Pb、Se、Zn等元素主要源于人为污染;Se的富集因子最高,反映了PM2.5污染主要来源于燃煤;Co、Cu、Ni、Na_2O受土壤扬尘和人类活动的共同作用,而Cr具有混合污染的特点。In order to recognize the pollution status of atmospheric particulate matter in Zibo City, TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 samples were collected at 45 and 16 sampling points during winter and summer in 2015 respectively, to analyze the mass concentration of particulate matter and 18 elements or compounds. The pollution level of the particulate matter and the distribution of the elements in the particulate matter were studied, and the sources of the elements were preliminarily investigated. The results showed that：1） the mean mass concentration of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in winter was higher than in summer, and exceeded the level of national standard, of which the content of PM2.5 in winter was 1.96 times of the limit, indicating the serious air pollution; 2） the elements contents varied significantly in different particles, and most of the heavy metals such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, etc. were mainly enriched in PM2.5, and PM2.5 accounted for about 65% of PM10 in winter and 73% in summer, the main threat to human health; 3） the correlation and factor analysis results indicate that Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3、K2O、MgO and other oxides in PM2.5 were mainly affected by soil dust; however, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Se, Zn and other elements were mainly caused by man-made pollutions; the highest Se enrichment factor suggested its burning coal source; Co, Cu, Ni, and Na2O were affected by both soil dust and human activities, and Cr was from mixed pollutants.

关 键 词：大气颗粒物 重金属元素 富集因子 因子分析 淄博市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]