白花油茶苗木生长对叶面施肥的响应  

Effect of Foliage Dressing on Seedlings Growth of Camellia oleifera Abel.

作　　者：马建忠[1] 文野[2] 葛静茹[3] 李甜江[1] MA Jian-zhong;WEN Ye;GE Jing-ru;LI Tian-jiang(Yunnan Academy of Forestry,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China;Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang Jiangxi 330032,P.R.China;Baoding University,Baoding Hebei 071027,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业科学院,云南昆明650201 [2]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330032 [3]保定学院,河北保定071027

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2018年第4期102-107,共6页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省科技攻关项目<云南省油茶良种选育>(2009BB003)

摘　　要：选用尿素和磷酸二氢钾对云南山区油茶苗木进行叶面喷肥,采用两因素三水平[2因素选用尿素(C)和磷酸二氢钾(K),3水平选高、中、低3个量],9个处理,3次重复的3×3设计,以拉丁方排列设置27个小区进行田间试验,研究叶面喷肥对白花油茶苗木成活率、生长量(包括苗高、地径、冠幅)和生长进程的影响。结果表明,(1)白花油茶苗木的苗高、地径、冠幅对叶面喷肥的响应均符合二元二次回归方程及产量反应曲面,说明叶面喷施尿素和磷酸二氢钾对白花油茶苗木具有一定的作用,这种作用均呈现出钟形曲面模式。(2)对白花油茶苗木生长量的二元二次回归方程进行单因素、双因素和全因素模拟的结果表明,尿素与磷酸二氢钾配合喷施的效果比单施尿素或单施磷酸二氢钾的效果要好。(3)交互试验中,C用量分别为2.846g/L、2.667g/L和2.589g/L,K用量分别为1.736g/L、2.071g/L和0.975g/L,两者配比分别为1︰0.609、1︰0.777和1︰0.377时,苗高、地径和冠幅生长可以达到理论最高增量。(4)等产线图指出,对苗木的苗高、地径和冠幅增长具有促进作用的C肥合理施用量分别为0-1.797g/L、0-2.071g/L和0-1.016g/L,K肥用量合理施用量分别为0-2.888g/L、0-2.666g/L和0-2.593g/L。To study the effect of foliar spray on survival rate,mass growth （including seedling height,ground diameter and crown breadth）,growth processes of Camellia oleifera seedlings,this test sprayed urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to C.oleifera seedlings by adopted the two factors of field experiment at three levels design （with 2 factors as urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate,and 3 levels with high,medium and low volume）,9 treatments,3 repeats of 3×3 design,27 plots of Latin square design.The results showed that：（1） The effect of foliar spray on height,ground diameter and crown breadth of C.oleifera seedlings met the binary quadratic regression equation and presented a bell-shaped curve model;（2） Simulation of binary quadratic regression equation to C.oleifera seedlings growth（one factor,two factors and all factors）,the results indicated that the spraying effect of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture is better than single element solution;（3） In the interactive test,seedling height,ground diameter,crown breadth growth was highest in theory when the dosage of urea is 2.846g/L,2.667g/L ,and 2.589g/L and that of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1.736g/L,2.071g/L,and 0.975g/L respectively with the mixture ratio of 1︰0.609,1︰0.777,and 1︰0.377;（4） According to yield-equality lines plots,the rational urea spraying quantity was 0-1.797g/L,0-2.071g/L,and 0-1.016g/L,and potassium dihydrogen phosphate spraying quantity was 0-2.888g/L,0- 2.666g/L and 0-2.593g/L respectively.

关 键 词：叶面施肥 白花油茶 苗木生长 交互作用 合理施肥量 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]