药桑用离体冬芽组织培养和用枝条扦插繁殖的试验  

An Experiment on Plant Regeneration from Tissue Culture of in Vitro Winter Buds of Medicinal Mulberry and from Cuttage Propagation of Branches

作　　者：李镇刚[1] 刘淑娟[1] 杜伟[1] 丁天龙 冉瑞法[1] 储一宁[1] 黄平[1] Li Zhengang;Liu Shujuan;Du Wei;Ding Tianlong;Ran Ruifa;Chu Yining;Huang Ping(The Sericultural ＆ Apicultural Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mengzi Yunnan 661101,China;The Sericultural Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Hetian Xinjiang 848000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自661101 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区和田蚕桑科学研究所,新疆和田848000

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2018年第3期367-375,共9页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31360190);云南省农业科学院农业科技创新及成果转化专项(No.2017RA01401)

摘　　要：来自新疆地区的天然多倍体药桑属于黑桑（Morus nigra）种质资源,具有较高的药用价值,故应用组织培养和扦插的方法解决药桑嫁接繁殖困难的问题,以满足药用开发所需。运用Box-Behnken模型分析培养基中不同诱导物质含量对药桑冬芽愈伤组织诱导率的影响程度为6-苄氨基腺嘌呤（6-BA）浓度〉赤霉素（GA3）浓度〉聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）浓度,3种诱导物质的最佳用量为2.21 mg/L 6-BA、0.39 mg/L GA3、0.79 g/L PVP,在此条件下药桑冬芽愈伤组织诱导率预测可达79.32%,验证试验的愈伤组织诱导率为78.57%,但通过愈伤组织培养再生植株较困难。在低浓度激素下冬芽萌发的小芽能够在1.0mg/L 6-BA＋0.1 mg/L萘乙酸（NAA）的MS培养基中生长,继续在添加0.5 mg/L吲哚丁酸（IBA）的1/2 MS培养基中可诱导出有根系的再生植株且移栽后能成活,由愈伤组织形成丛生芽的再生率达到57.69%。用含冬芽的药桑枝条进行扦插试验,其扦插生根率较低,仅15%左右。上述试验结果表明,虽然然用组织培养方法和扦插方法均能获得药桑的再生植株,但需要进一步优化组织培养和扦插条件提升药桑的无性繁殖效率。The natural polyploid medicinal mulberry from Xinjiang area belongs to Morus nigra germplasm resources. It has high medicinal value. Tissue culture and cuttage methods were experimented to solve the difficulty in propagation of this mulberry variety by grafting method. Influences of different concentration of inducible substance in culture medium on induction rate of calluses in medicinal mulberry winter buds were analyzed by Box-Behnken model. The degree of influence was 6-benzylaminopurine（ 6-BA） concentration gibberellin A3（ GA_3） concentration polyvinyl pyrrolidone（ PVP） concentration. The optimum concentration of inducible substance in medium was 2. 21 mg/L 6-BA,0. 39 mg/L GA_3,and 0. 79 g/L PVP. Under this optimized condition,the predicted induction rate of medicinal mulberry winter buds for callus was up to 79. 32%,induction rate in the actual inoculation test was 78. 57%,but it was difficult to regenerate plantlets in the callus of medicinal mulberry in actual experiment. The budlets germinated from winter buds under low concentration of hormone could grow in MS medium containing 1. 0 mg/L 6-BA ＋0. 1 mg/L naphthylacetic acid（ NAA）. Healthy root system could be induced from lignified shoots on 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 0. 5 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid（ IBA） and the rooted plantlets could survive after being transplanted into soil. The results showed that the regeneration rate of clustered budlets induced from medicinal mulberry callus could reach 57. 69%. The cuttage test of medicinal mulberry branches with winter buds showed that the rooting rate was low（ 15%）. The above experiments showed that tissue culture and cuttage methods could all be employed to regenerate the regenerated medicinal mulberry plant. However,further optimization of tissue culture and cutting conditions are needed to enhance the asexual propagation efficiency of medicinal mulberry.

关 键 词：药桑 组织培养 扦插 冬芽 诱导物质 响应曲面法 

分 类 号：S888.32[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]