中国城镇化对水资源利用的影响  

Empirical study on influence of urbanization on water resources utilization

作　　者：阚大学[1] 吕连菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院经济贸易学院

出　　处：《城市问题》2018年第7期4-12,共9页Urban Problems

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ151119)

摘　　要：运用空间纠正Sys-GMM法实证分析了城镇化对水资源利用的影响。结果显示:我国城镇化水平、速度和质量、水资源利用量、水资源利用效率均存在空间自相关,水资源利用量和利用效率存在空间溢出效应;城镇化水平、速度提高导致水资源利用量增加,不利于水资源利用效率提升,而城镇化质量提高降低了水资源利用量,有利于水资源利用效率提升,但降低作用和提升作用均较小;分城市类型看,三类城市城镇化水平、速度提高均提高了水资源利用量,其中地级市的正面影响最大,三类城市城镇化水平、速度提高均不利于水资源利用效率提升,其中地级以上城市的负面影响最小;地级以上城市城镇化质量的提高降低了水资源利用量,有利于提升水资源利用效率;地级市和县级市城镇化质量的提高降低了水资源利用量;未显著提升水资源利用效率;分地区城市类型看,三大地区三类城市的城镇化水平、速度、质量对水资源利用量与利用效率的影响存在异质性。This essay uses the spatial dynamic panel data and spatial correction system GMM to conduct an empirical study on the influence of urbanization on water resources utilization. It is found that： Urbanization level, urbanization speed, urbanization quality, water resources utilization quantity, water resources utilization efficiency have spatial auto - correlation; Water resources utilization quantity and efficiency have spatial spillover effect; The urbanization level and urbanization speed have led to water resources utilization quantity increase, and they have not conducive to water resources utilization efficiency increase; The urbanization quality has reduced water resources utilization quantity, and it has conducive to water resources utili- zation efficiency increase, but the reducing effect and promotion effect are small; In view of the city types, the urbanization level and urbanization speed have led to water resources utilization quantity increase for three types of cities. The positive impact is the largest for prefecture - level city, and the urbanization level and urbanization speed have not conducive to water resources u- tilization efficiency increase for three types of cities. The nega- tive impact is the smallest for above prefecture level city; The urbanization quality has conducive to water resources utilization efficiency increase and water resources utilization quantity reduc- tion for above prefecture level city. The urbanization quality has not significantly increase water resources utilization efficiency and reduce water resources utilization quantity for prefecture - level city and county - level city ; In view of the city types by regions, there are heterogeneity for the effects of urbanization level, speed and quality on water resources utilization quantity and efficiency for three types of cities in three regions.

关 键 词：城镇化水平 城镇化速度 城镇化质量 水资源利用 

分 类 号：F299.21[经济管理—国民经济] TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]