HXD1型电力机车脚蹬断裂问题分析与试验  

Analysis and Experimental of HXD1 Electric Locomotive Steps Fracture

作　　者：汪林峰 陈国胜 陈清明 陶功权[2] WANG Linfeng;CHEN Guosheng;CHEN Qingming;TAO Gongquan(CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中车株洲电力机车有限公司,湖南株洲412001 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2018年第4期119-123,共5页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：阐述了电力机车脚蹬断裂原因调查的过程及结果。一台振动异常的机车被选来做试验,在试验过程中机车运行状态与正常运行一致。车轮镟修前、后,均对机车的车轮不圆度以及关键零部件包括脚蹬、轴箱和构架的振动进行了测试。试验结果表明,车轮存在12~19阶多边形,1/3倍频程中心波长为200 mm。镟轮不能完全消除车轮的多边形特征,在镟轮后车轮仍然存在16~19边形特征。振动测试显示,镟轮前脚蹬、轴箱和构架存在相同的振动主频,频率与多边形通过频率接近。脚蹬纵向在70~90 Hz范围内存在固有振动,车速在50~80 km/h范围内时,车轮多边形的通过频率与脚蹬70~90 Hz的固有频率一致,引起脚蹬共振,是导致脚蹬断裂的主要原因。The investigation processes and results of the electric locomotive steps fracture were presented. A locomotive suffered from serious vibration problem was chosen for the test and its normal operations were kept during the test. The wheel out-of-roundness （OOR） and vibrations of key components including the step, the axle box, and the bogie frame were measured before and after wheel re-profiling. The wheel OOR measured results indicated that the wheels exhibited the OOR with 12 to 19 orders before re-profiling, i.e. with a center wavelength of 200 mm in the 1/3 octave bands. And the 16 tol 9 orders OOR became to be dominant after re-profiling, so the wheel polygonal wear could not be absolutely removed by the wheel re-profiling. The vibration measured results showed that the step, the axle box and the bogie frame vibrated with the same dominant frequency before re-profiling,the dominant frequency of the vibration was approximately equal to the passing frequency of a polygonal wheel. The step had natural frequencies ranging from 70 Hz to 90 Hz,the wheel OOR passing frequencies coincided with the step natural frequencies when the running speed range was from 50- 80 krrdh. So, the resonance of the step induced by the wheel OOR was the root cause of the fracture.

关 键 词：脚蹬 异常振动 多边形磨耗 HXD1型电力机车 

分 类 号：U260.32[机械工程—车辆工程]