我国基层医疗卫生机构医疗服务能力发展与现状  

Development and Current Situation of Service Capacity in Primary Medical Institutions in China

作　　者：牛亚冬 张研[1,2] 叶婷 张亮[1,2] NIU Ya-dong;ZHANG Yan;YE Ting(School of Medicine and Health Management,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei,430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院医药卫生管理学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]湖北省人文社科重点研究基地农村健康服务研究中心,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《中国医院管理》2018年第6期35-37,41,共4页Chinese Hospital Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71673099;71603088)

摘　　要：目的了解基层医疗机构服务能力的现状以及时间变化。方法数据来源于2010—2013年《中国卫生统计年鉴》和2014—2016年《中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴》;从资源条件和服务产出两个维度评价基层医疗机构服务能力;绝对能力以指标绝对值来评价,相对能力则以指标相对值(基层医疗机构相对于医院)来评价。结果当前,基层医疗机构的基础条件不足医院的50%,门急诊量是医院的135.8%,但住院量和医疗收入不及医院的30%;从2009—2015年,基层医疗卫生机构基础条件和服务产出的绝对值呈上升趋势,其中50万以上设备数的年增长率最高(17.1%),但相对值呈持续下降趋势,住院量的年下降率最高(-10.4%)。结论基层医疗机构的服务能力较低;基层医疗机构的绝对能力在升高,但相对能力在下降;医院之间的横向竞争和基层医疗机构与医院的纵向合作有利于基层医疗机构的能力提升。Objective To analyze the development and current situation of service capacity in primary medical institutions. Method Data was obtained from the China Statistical Yearbook of Health and Family Planning. Service capacity was evaluated from medical sources and service output. Absolute service capacity was evaluated by the absolute value of indexes,and relative service capacity was evaluated by the relative value of indexes（primary medical institutions vs hospitals）. Result At present,medical resources in primary medical institutions were less than 50% of the hospitals;the number of outpatient service was 135.8% of the hospitals,but the number of inpatient service and the amount of business income were less than 30% of the hospitals. The absolute value of medical resource and service output in primary medical institutions were increasing from 2009 to 2015（17.1%）. The highest annul increasing rate belonged to medical facility that was more than 5 hundred thousand yuan. However,the relative value of medical resource and service output were decreasing（-10.4%）. The highest annul decreasing rate belonged to inpatient service. Conclusion The service capacity in primary medical institutions was a little bit low. Although the absolute service capacity of primary medical institutions was increasing consistently,but the relative service capacity was decreasing.Horizontal competition among hospitals and vertical cooperation among hospitals and primary medical institutions may bring help to the development of primary medical institutions.

关 键 词：基层医疗机构 医院 服务能力 时间变化 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]