贵州锦屏县野生药用藤本植物资源  

Wild Medicinal Liana Resources in Jinping County,Guizhou Province

作　　者：邹启先 闵启利 龙学为 叶红环 ZOU Qi-xian;MIN Qi-li;LONG Xue-wei;YE Hong-huan(Mayanghe National Nature Reserve,Yanhe,Guizhou 565300,China;Forestry Bureau of Jinping Coun-ty,Jinping,Guizhou 556700,China;College of Life Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]麻阳河国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州沿河565300 [2]贵州省锦屏县林业局,贵州锦屏556700 [3]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2018年第2期62-69,共8页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD04B02)

摘　　要：为深入研究锦屏县野生药用藤本植物资源现状,使其更好地开发利用,通过野外调查、标本鉴定及查阅相关资料等方法,对该区野生药用藤本植物资源进行统计和分析。结果表明,该区野生药用藤本植物共51科103属208种,其中,双子叶植物47科98属184种,单子叶植物4科5属24种,裸子植物缺乏。在科属构成上,以少种科(属)、单种科(属)为主;区系组成的热带亲缘性明显,且受温带成分的影响大,由热带成分向温带渗透的特征显著;生活型以木质藤本占绝对优势,其中高位芽类植物最多,而在攀援方式上,缠绕类藤本占优势。该区药用藤本植物资源中,有5种是国家重点保护野生植物;在药用部位上,以根、藤茎、全株类入药的种类最多,分别占48.08%、29.33%、24.52%;在药用功效上,以清热解毒类、理血类和消炎、利尿、消肿类最多,分别占52.88%、44.71%和32.69%。通过对该区药用藤本植物资源的研究,以期为保护其种质资源、生物多样性及开发利用提供科学依据。The wild medicinal liana plant resources in Jinping of Guizhou were studied with a view to better de-velop and use these resources. They were statistically analysed through field investigation,specimen identifica-tion and literature survey. The results showed that there are 208 wild medicinal liana species in 103 genera and 51 families in this area,of which 184 species belong to 98 genera of 47 families of dicotyledons and 24 species belong to 5 genera of 4 families of monocotyledons. Gymnosperm is absent from this area. The liana flora is dom-inated by families and genera that contain only a few or single species. The floristic composition shows an obvi-ous tropical nature and is greatly influenced by temperate elements,indicating the characteristics of infiltration from tropical to temperate zone. The life form of wood lianas is absolutely predominant,with phaenerophyte the largest group. Twining lianas were dominant for climbing. There are five species of national key protected plants.In terms of medicinal parts,the medicinal liana plants with root accounted for 48.08%,cane 29.33% and whole plant 24.52%. In terms of medicinal effects,clearing heat and detoxification accounted for 52.88%,blood type and anti-inflammatory 44.71%,diuretic and reduces swelling 32.69% of the total medicinal liana plants. The study of medicinal liana resources in this area would provide the scientific basis for the protection of their germplasm resources,biodiversity and development and utilization.

关 键 词：锦屏 药用藤本植物 地理成分 药用部位 药用功效 

分 类 号：Q949.95[生物学—植物学]