控释肥及尿素添加剂对双季稻光合特性及产量的影响  

Effect of controlled release fertilizer and urea additive on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of double cropping rice

作　　者：蔡威威[1] 艾天成[1] 李然 金紫缘 徐金刚[1] 曹坤坤 CAI Wei-wei, AI Tian-cheng,, LI Ran, JIN Zi-yuan , XU Jin-gang , CAO Kun-kun(College of Agriculture, YangtzeUniversity, Jingzhou Hubei 43402)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2018年第3期54-60,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103039);国家"973"计划项目(2010CB951302)

摘　　要：试验选取4种新型尿素(树脂包膜控释尿素CRU、尿素配施氯甲基吡啶NU、硝化抑制剂DMPP、有效微生物菌剂EM)为材料,通过大田双季稻试验,研究新型尿素对水稻光合特性、生物量以及产量的影响。结果表明,新型尿素均能提高水稻叶片的净光合速率,早、晚稻分别以CRU和DMPP提高效果最为显著;气孔导度受氮肥影响较小,仅早稻季CRU降低叶片气孔导度比较显著;包膜控释尿素CRU对水稻胞间CO_2浓度、蒸腾速率的降低效果较为明显,其他氮肥处理影响较小。4种新型尿素相比对照普通尿素,均显著促进了双季稻各生育期生物量的增加。CRU处理增产效果最为显著和稳定,早、晚稻相比CK处理平均增产19.9%(P<0.05),而NU、DMPP、EM处理早稻增产不显著,晚稻增产平均达到14.6%(P<0.05),且晚稻增产效应优于早稻。Four new fertilizers （CRU： polymer-coated controlled release urea, NU： urea containing nitrapyrin, DMPP： ureacontaining nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate, EM： microbial inoculant combined application with urea）were selected as materials to study the effects of new fertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics and biomass and yield of doublecropping rice in a field experiment. The four new fertilizers improved the net photosynthetic rate, CRU and DMPP got the bestpromotion in early rice and late rice respectively. Stomatal conductance was little influenced by nitrogen fertilizers, only CRUdecreased it during early rice. Intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate decreased significantly when CRU wasused, and there were little differences between rice varieties among other fertilizers. Compared with the conventional urea, thenew fertilizers all got remarkable biomass increment, and CRU achieved the most stable and highest yield increase by 19, 9%（P 〈 0. 05） in both early and late rice, and NU, DMPP and EM achieved a yield increase by 14, 6% （P 〈 0. 05） in late rice,no significant increase occurred in early rice. Better growth and yield promotion was showed in late rice than in early rice.

关 键 词：控释尿素 硝化抑制剂 EM菌剂 双季稻 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]