棉籽粕膨化前后品质变化及对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响  

Quality Changes of Cottonseed Meal Before and After Expansion and Their Effects on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Growing-Finishing Pigs

作　　者：倪海球[1] 孙杰 杨玉娟[1,3] 于纪宾 马世峰[1] 王昊[1] 商方方[1] 李军国[1,4] NI Haiqiu 1, SUN Jie 2, YANG Yujuan 1,3 , YU Jibin 1 ,MA Shifeng 1 ,WANG Hao 1,SHANG Fangfang 1, LI Junguo 1,4(1. Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 2. Shanghai Xinnong Feed Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201613, China; 3. Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; 4. Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081 [2]上海新农饲料股份有限公司,上海201613 [3]农业部食物与营养发展研究所,北京100081 [4]农业部饲料生物技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第5期1936-1949,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20120315);现代农业产业技术体系北京市家禽创新团队项目;国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFF0201800)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究湿法挤压膨化加工对棉籽粕中营养物质、游离棉酚含量的影响,以及膨化棉籽粕对生长育肥猪生长性能、血清生化指标及营养物质表观消化率的影响。首先,采用牧羊56×2挤压膨化机和前期优化后的加工参数组合对棉籽粕进行膨化,对比测定棉籽粕和膨化棉籽粕的营养物质和游离棉酚含量的变化。然后,以棉籽粕和膨化棉籽粕为主要试验材料,选取80头体重为(28.78±3.09)kg的杜×长×大三元杂交猪为试验动物,随机分为5个组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂全玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验1组饲喂添加普通棉籽粕(生长期添加5%普通棉籽粕,育肥期添加10%普通棉籽粕)的饲粮,试验2组、试验3组、试验4组分别饲喂添加膨化棉籽粕(生长期分别添加5%、10%和15%膨化棉籽粕,育肥期分别添加10%、15%和20%膨化棉籽粕)的饲粮,各组饲粮中代谢能和粗蛋白质等营养水平均调配均衡。试验期13周(生长期6周,育肥期7周)。结果表明:1)挤压膨化处理对棉籽粕营养物质含量无明显影响,膨化棉籽粕总氨基酸含量和各个必需氨基酸含量略有升高,游离棉酚含量降低了87.85%。2)生长期,饲粮中添加5%膨化棉籽粕与相同含量的普通棉籽粕相比可提高生长猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重(P>0.05),显著降低料重比(P<0.05),并显著提高粗蛋白质、干物质、粗脂肪和部分氨基酸表观消化率(P<0.05);饲粮中添加膨化棉籽粕比起添加棉籽粕可显著降低生长猪血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),显著提高生长猪的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05);饲粮中添加膨化棉籽粕比起添加棉籽粕有提高生长猪血清中免疫球蛋白、三碘甲腺原氨酸和四碘甲腺原氨酸的趋势;随着膨化棉籽粕添加量的增加,生长猪的生长性能和营养物质表观消化率均The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of wet extrusion on the content of nutrients and free gossypol in cotton meal （CM） and explore the effects of extruded cotton meal （ECM） on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and nutrient apparent digestibility of growing-finishing pigs. Firstly, Muyang 56×2 expanding machine and the early optimized processing parameters were used to expand the CM, and the content changes of nutrients and free gossypol in CM and ECM were measured. Then, CM and ECM were used as the main experiment materials, and eighty pigs （Duroc×Landrace×Large White） with the body weight of （28.78±3.09） kg were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 4 replicates each and 4 pigs in each replicate （half male and half female）. Pigs in control group were fed an all corn-soybean meal basal diet, in experimental group 1 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 5% CM to growing pigs and 10% CM to finishing pigs, and in experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed the basal diets supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% ECM to growing pigs and 10%, 15% and 20% ECM to finishing pigs, respectively. The metabolic energy, crude protein content and other nutrition levels in all diets were balanced. The experiment lasted for 13 weeks with 6 weeks of growing period and 7 weeks of finishing period. The results showed as follows： 1） extrusion on CM had no obvious effects on nutrient content, and the contents of total amino acids and essential amino acids in ECM were increased slightly, while the free gossypol content in ECM was decreased by 87.85%. 2） In the growing stage, compared to 5% CM, dietary 5% ECM increased the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of pigs （ P 〉0.05）, significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain （ P 〈0.05）, and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein, dry matter, ether extract and some amino acids （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Compared with CM, the serum malondialdehyde （MDA） content was significantly red

关 键 词：膨化棉籽粕 生长猪 游离棉酚 生长性能 血清生化指标 表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学] S828[农业科学—畜牧学]