岷江中游眉乐段水质变化及其受航电开发的影响  

The Change in Water Quality in Middle Minjiang River between Meishan and Leshan and the Impact of Navigation-Power Development

作　　者：王凯利 王远铭[1] 蒲迅赤[1] 张鹏[1] 李克锋[1] WANG Kai-li;WANG Yuan-ming;PU Xun-chi;ZHANG Peng;LI Ke-feng(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,P.RChina)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2018年第4期17-23,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目-水利工程环境安全保障及泄洪消能技术(课题十:泄水过饱和气体形成机制与消减技术研究;项目编号:2016YFC0401710)

摘　　要：为了探讨航电梯级开发对水质的影响,选取彭山岷江大桥、彭东交界、眉山白糖厂、东青交界、青神黑龙、岷江大桥和国控悦来渡（7号）共计7个断面,依据岷江中游眉山-乐山河段（简称眉乐段）水质监测资料,选用具有代表性的水质因子COD、NH3-N、TP,依据《地表水环境质量标准（GB3838-2002）》Ⅲ类水质标准,分析眉乐段水质变化趋势。结果表明,眉乐段水质主要受上游来水影响,府河汇合后的岷江干流眉乐段区间污染负荷量相对较少,对河流水质影响相对较小;河段水质在空间分布上总体呈现上游至下游逐步好转的趋势,COD沿程稳定达到Ⅲ类水质标准,NH3-N和TP沿程降低;在时间分布上,水质逐年变好;主要支流体泉河水质较差,超标严重,思蒙河和毛河COD、NH3-N浓度维持在Ⅲ类水质标准,TP浓度超过Ⅳ类水质标准,且有逐年升高趋势;汉阳库区建成后,COD和NH3-N较建成前降低,TP较建成前略微增加,汉阳库区出库COD、NH3-N、TP较入库降低。研究结果可为航电梯级水库环境影响分析、航电开发和水环境治理提供参考依据。The change in water quality and impact of navigation-power development between Meishan and Leshan were discussed,based on water monitoring data from seven locations（Minjiang River Bridge at Pengshan,junction of Pengshan and Dongpo,sugar-factory in Meishan,junction of Dongpo and Qingshen,Black Dragon in Qingshen,Minjiang River Bridge,Yuelaidu）,referenced with Class III Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water（GB3838-2002）.The water quality parameters analyzed（COD,NH3-N,TP）indicated that water quality between Meishan and Leshan section was influenced primarily by pollution loading in the upper reaches.Pollutant inputs between Meishan and Leshan were minor,with little effect on water quality,and water quality improved from the upper to lower reach.The COD met the ClassⅢ water quality standard and NH3-N and TP decreased from upstream to downstream.Temporally,water quality improved each year.Among the main tributaries,water quality in the Tiquan River was relatively poor and seriously exceeded standards.The COD and NH3-N in Simeng River and Mao River met ClassⅢ water quality standards,while TP exceeded the ClassⅣ water quality standard and increased each year.The concentration of COD and NH3-N decreased while TP increased slightly after the construction of Hanyang reservoir.but the concentration of COD,NH3-N and TP were currently lower in the outflow than the inflow.The results provided a reference for environmental impact analysis of cascaded reservoirs,navigation-power development and water quality control.

关 键 词：岷江中游 航电开发 水质变化 时空分布 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]