厌氧半固定床生物膜反应器启动与运行试验  

Start-up and Operation Study of an Anaerobic Semi-fixed Bed Biofilm Reactor

作　　者：华斌[1] 于宁宁[1] 王管[1] 魏云[1] 郭勇[1] HUA Bin;YU Ning-ning;WANG Guan;WEI Yun;GUO Yong(School of Chemical Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学化学工程学院

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2018年第4期102-108,共7页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：成都市软科学研究项目(2014-RK00-00141-ZF)

摘　　要：以开发一种启动时间短、处理效果好、抗冲击负荷和不利环境能力强、能耗低的厌氧处理反应器为目的,采用自行设计的以在水中呈水草型摇摆状态的生物带作为半固定载体的生物膜反应器,处理人工模拟高浓度废水,进行启动与运行试验,考察和评估其运行效果。结果表明,在上升流速为0.104~0.124 m/h的运行条件下,COD去除率在试验第30天时达到最高的96%,稳定运行状态下去除率为88%左右;反应器在温度和负荷双重冲击条件下,7d后COD去除率下降至67%,出现酸化倾向,负荷维持不变,仅温度恢复正常,11d时COD去除率回升并稳定在88%左右,恢复至原稳定状态,表现出很好的抗冲击负荷和不利环境能力;负荷启动与运行阶段,反应器平均沼气产率为0.43m3/kg,产气状况良好;生物带载体上形成的生物膜活性较高,VSS/SS达到0.7,且生物相较为丰富,说明反应器的半固定床结构设计优良,可进一步开发应用。Anaerobic wastewater treatment is an economic approach of treating wastewater,combining environment conservation and resource recycling.This approach has received increased attention because of its advantages over aerobic treatment.This paper describes the performance of an anaerobic reactor designed in the laboratory with short start-up time,good treatment efficiency,strong resistances to shock loading and adverse environmental conditions and low energy consumption.The self-designed anaerobic semi-fixed bed biofilm reactor with a biological belt as the semi-fixed carrier was used to treat the synthetic high-strength organic wastewater.The results showed that under operating conditions of upflow velocity of0.104-0.124 m/h,the COD removal rate peaked at 96% at 30 days and then stabilized at～88%.When the rector was operated under the double impact of temperature and load,the COD removal rate dropped to 67%after 7 days and the acidification trend occurred.When the temperature returned to normal without changing the load flow rate the COD removal rate increased rapidly stabilized at 88% 11 days later,The reactor showed excellent resistance to shock loading and adverse environmental conditions.The average biogas yield of the reactor was 0.43 m3/kg and gas production was good from initial startup through routine operation.The biofilm formed on the bio-carrier had high activity,VSS/SS reached 0.7,and bio-enrichment was abundant.These characteristics indicated that the semi-fixed-bed structure of the reactor is an excellent design and can be further developed and applied.

关 键 词：厌氧生物膜反应器 半固定床 生物带 沼气产率 抗冲击能力 

分 类 号：X703.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]