地下水降落诱发岩溶洞穴土质盖层塌陷的机制研究——以重庆歌乐山余家湾水库地面塌陷为例  

Study on Mechanism of Ground Collapse in Soil Cover Over Karst Caves Triggered by Drop-down of Underground Water:Taking Ground Collapse at Yujiawan Reservoir in Mt. Gele of Chongqing City as an Example

作　　者：陈洪凯 王圣娟[2] 粟俊江[1] 胡婷 CHEN Hongkai;WANG Shengjuan;SU Junjiang;HU Ting(College of Geology and Surveying and Mapping Engineering,Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering,Chongqing 402260;Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆工程职业技术学院地质与测绘工程学院,重庆402260 [2]重庆交通大学岩土工程研究所,重庆400074

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第4期54-58,共5页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51678097;No.51378521;No.11272185);重庆市首席专家工作室专项经费(No.201605);重庆市"两江学者"计划专项资金(No.201309);2016年重庆高校创新团队建设计划(No.CXTDG201602012);重庆市教育委员会重点实验室建设计划(No.ZDSYS201712)

摘　　要：【目的】灰岩地区地下水降落诱发岩溶洞穴土质盖层塌陷机制是实施土质盖层地面塌陷灾害监测预警和工程治理的科学依据。【方法】以现场调查为基础,采用极限平衡原理和地貌学方法,分析了土质盖层型地面塌陷产生的力学机制和演化模式。【结果】构建了土质盖层型地面塌陷地质模型和力学模型,提出了土质盖层型地面塌陷判别方法;建立了土质盖层型地面塌陷演化模式,即地下水位快速降落→初始负压空腔形成→负压空腔扩大→地面坍塌。【结论】实例分析表明,构建的岩溶洞穴土质盖层型地面塌陷力学分析方法计算结果与实情吻合良好,地下水位快速降落产生的负压吸力是诱发土质盖层型地面塌陷灾害的关键环节。[Purposes]Ground collapse mechanism of soil cover over karst cave triggered by falling of ground water is the scientific evidence to put into monitoring,pre-warning and governing for the disaster.[Methods]Based on investigation in field,mechanical mechanism and evolution model of soil cover over karst cave are discussed by limit equilibrium theory and Geomorphology method.[Findings]Geological model and mechanical model for soil cover ground collapse are established.One method to identify ground collapse of soil cover is produced,while potential criterion for the disaster is proposed.Further,the authors come up with the evolution model of ground collapse of soil cover over karst cave,i.e.,rapid drop-down of underground water level→ formation of initial cell with negative pressure→ enlarge process of cavity with negative pressure→ ground collapse process.[Conclusions]Case analysis identifies that results by the method established is consistent with the fact in field,which possesses popularization and application value on cholesterol levels.What needs to be stressed is that negative pressure triggered by rapid drop-down of underground water level plays the key role in the method.

关 键 词：地面塌陷 力学分析 演化模式 土质盖层 岩溶洞穴 

分 类 号：TU478[建筑科学—结构工程]