彭州市2010—2017年农药中毒特征分析  

Characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases reported in Pengzhou City during 2010-2017

作　　者：罗敏[1] 罗国金[1] 伍霞[1] 付强[1] 李露[1] Luo Min;LUO Guojin;WU Xia;FU Qiang;LI Lu(Pengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Pengzhou,Sichuang 611930,China)

机构地区：[1]彭州市疾病预防控制中心,四川彭州611930

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2018年第3期220-223,共4页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：[目的]分析彭州市农药中毒特征,为制定农药中毒预防控制措施提供参考。[方法]收集职业病网络直报系统中彭州市2010—2017年全部农药中毒报告病例,对其发病特征、中毒原因等进行分析。[结果]2010—2017年网络报告农药中毒病例共计1 637例,死亡59例,病死率3.60%。中毒病例以非生产性中毒为主,1 574例(占96.15%);平均年龄(41.95±19.33)岁,30~45岁年龄组的农药中毒病例最多(占25.11%);男女性别比为1∶1.06,非生产性中毒女性多于男性;春季和夏季农药中毒病例数相对较多;导致中毒的农药以除草剂为主,有机磷排第二。生产性和非生产性中毒、各年份间中毒、不同性别间中毒、不同季节间中毒的病死率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);病死率随着年龄的增加而升高(P<0.05),杀虫剂、除草剂致死率高于其他种类农药(P<0.05)。[结论]彭州市农药中毒特征与四川省农药中毒病例报告的总体趋势一致。应规范农药销售、购买和使用,加强农村的农药管理;应给予留守妇女和老人更多关心和支持。[Objective] The characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases reported in Pengzhou City was analyzed to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning. [Methods] Data of the reported pesticide poisoning cases in Pengzhou City during 2010-2017 was abstracted from the network reporting system,and their demographic characteristics and poisoning causes were summarized. [Results] Totally 1 637 cases were reported and among them 59 were death cases. The average age of poisoning cases was（41.95 ± 19.33） years old,and 1 574 cases were due to non-occupational exposure（96.15%）. The cases aged with 30-45 years accounted for 25.11%. The male-to-female ratio of all cases was 1∶1.06,but most cases due to non-occupational pesticide exposure were females. Most cases were reported in spring and summer,and most poisoning cases were caused by herbicides and organophosphates. There was no statistically significant difference of fatality rate,between occupational and non-occupational exposure,male and female, in different years or seasons（P〉 0.05）. It seemed the aged cases had a higher fatality rate（P 〈 0.05）and the fatality caused by insecticides and herbicides was higher（P〈 0.05）.[Conclusion] The characteristics of pesticide poisoning cases in Pengzhou City were similar to the cases reported in Sichuan Province. We should strengthen the management of pesticides in rural areas and pay more attention to women and elders.

关 键 词：农药 中毒 彭州 病死率 

分 类 号：R136[医药卫生—劳动卫生]