贵州习水国家级自然保护区三岔河福建柏群落特征及演替趋势分析  

Features and succession analysis of Fokienia hodginsii communities in Sanchahe of Xishui National Nature Reserve, Guizhou Province

作　　者：陈芳 穆军 黄郎 崔兴勇 金勇 张雷[1] Chen Fang;Mu Jun;Huang Lang;Cui Xingyong;Jin Yong;Zhang Lei(Guizhou Xishui National Nature Reserve Management Bureau,Xishui Guizhou 564600,China;College of Forestry of Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China;The Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Research Center of Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州习水中亚热带常绿阔叶林国家级自然保护区管理局,贵州习水564600 [2]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护研究中心,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2018年第3期8-12,共5页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：贵州省林业青年基金项目(项目编号:黔林科合J字[2013]13号);第二次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查贵州省专项资金项目

摘　　要：通过对贵州习水中亚热带常绿阔叶林国家级自然保护区三岔河管理区内国家Ⅱ级保护植物福建柏(Fokienia hodginsii)的群落调查,研究了群落物种组成与结构特征,以揭示其群落演替趋势,结果表明:(1)福建柏群落样地共计维管植物191种,隶属于87科144属。其中,乔木层24科36属53种,灌木层及层间层共43科61属94种,草本层25科37属45种;(2)群落垂直结构明显,灌木层物种复杂多样,乔木层与草本层次之,层间层物种数量较少;(3)整个群落的丰富度指数高达191;Shannon-Wiener,Simpson指数(优势度指数)、Pielou指数(均匀度指数)均呈现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层;(4)群落郁闭度极大,林下的光照不足,加上种内、种间竞争激烈及一些自然的因素(如凝冻、积雪、病虫害和地质灾害等)、人为干扰等导致幼苗幼树数量极少,天然更新困难,群落演替朝不利于福建柏正常生长繁育的衰退方向发展,亟待加强保护。Based on the investigation of the Ⅱ-level protected plant Fokienia hodginsii in the Sanchahe Management District of Xiushui Subtropical Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest National Nature Reserve of Guizhou Province, the species composition and structure of the communities were studied to reveal the succession of the communities. The results showed that：①There are 191 vascular plants in F. hodginsii communities, belonging to 87 families and 144 genera. Among them, there are 53 genera and 36 genera of 24 genera in the tree layer, 94 genera and 43 genera in the shrub layer and interlaminar layer, and 45 genera and 37 genera in the 25 genera of the herb layer.②The vertical structure of the communities is obvious and the shrub layer species is complex and diverse. The number of species in the interlaminar was less.③The richness index of the whole communities was as high as 191; Shannon-Wiener, Simpson index（dominance index） and Pielou index（evenness index） showed shrub layerarbor layer herbal layer.④ Communities canopy density is extremely large, understory light inadequate, coupled with intraspecific,interspecific competition and some natural factors（such as freezing, snow, pests and geological disasters, etc.）, human disturbance caused that the number of seedlings is extremely small, natural and new problems are difficult, and communities succession is not conducive to the development of F. hodginsii in the direction of the recession of normal growth and development, which urgently needs to be strengthened.

关 键 词：福建柏 群落结构 物种多样性 更新 习水自然保护区 

分 类 号：S791.42[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S759.9[农业科学—林学]