论油茶传粉问题的一些看法  

Some ideas to solve the problem of Camellia oleifera pollination

作　　者：姬婷婷 魏美才[1] 李泽建 Ji Tingting;Wei Meicai;Li Zejian(Lab of Insect Systematics and Evolutionary Biology,Central South University of Forestry ＆ Technology,Changsha Hu＇nan 410004,China;Postdoctoral Work Station,Lishui Academy of Forestry,Lishui Zhejiang 323000,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学昆虫系统与进化生物学实验室,湖南长沙410004 [2]丽水市林业科学研究院博士后工作站,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2018年第3期22-25,34,共5页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：中南林业科技大学2017年研究生科技创新基金项目(项目编号:CX2017B56);丽水市高层次人才培养项目(项目编号:2015RC06)资助

摘　　要：油茶是我国重要的木本油料树种,主要产品是健康的茶油。但目前我国油茶林的单位面积产量低,这制约着油茶产业的可持续发展。虽然油茶具有泛化的传粉系统,但仍无法满足油茶林区的传粉需要,花粉限制成为造成油茶低产的重要原因。一般认为油茶地蜂、大分舌蜂等野生蜜蜂是油茶最优良的传粉昆虫。本文主要是简要概述油茶的传粉生物学特征、家养蜜蜂中毒问题、野生蜜蜂的生物学特性及其引放和扩散种群的实践经验,梳理解决油茶传粉问题的思路。Camellia oleifera is an important woody oil tree species in China, of which main product is healthy tea oil. At present,the low yield per unit area of C. oleifera forestland in China restricts the sustainable development of the oil tea industry. Although C. oleifera has a generalized pollinating system, there are still unable to meet the pollination need of the C. oleifera forestland. And the phenomenon of pollen restriction has become one of an important reason for the low production of C. oleifera. It is generally believed that wild bees, such as Andrena camellia and Colleters gigas, are the best pollinators of C. oleifera. In this paper, the author mainly summarizes the pollination biological characteristics of C. oleifera, the problem of poisoning of domestic bee, the biological characteristics of wild bees, and the practical experience of introducing and spreading the populations of wild bees, and combing the ways to solve the pollination problem of C. oleifera.

关 键 词：油茶 传粉生物学 野生蜜蜂 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q944.43[农业科学—林学]