2014-2017年甘肃省酒泉市禽类外环境中禽流感监测及人感染H7N9状况分析  

Environmental avian influenza surveillance and current status of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Jiuquan,Gansu,2014-2017

作　　者：向国锋 于德山[2] 李国强[1] 李玉凤[1] 甘志强[1] 赵桂良[3] 聂振元 Xiang Guofeng;Yu Deshan;Li Guoqiang;Li Yufeng;Gan Zhiqiang;Zhao Guiliang;Nie Zhenyuan(Jiuquan Prefectural Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiuquan 735000,Gansu,China;Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730020,Gansu,China;Jiuquan People＇s Hospital,Jiuquan 735000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]酒泉市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃酒泉735000 [2]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心,甘肃兰州730020 [3]酒泉市人民医院,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《疾病监测》2018年第6期478-482,共5页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(No.2017ZX10103006)~~

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2017年甘肃省酒泉市外环境中禽流感病毒监测结果,为人感染H7N9禽流感预警和防控提供依据。方法采集酒泉市各县(区)集贸市场活禽销售点的不同类型标本,应用实时荧光聚合酶链式反应方法进行检测,并进行统计学分析。结果共检测外环境标本1 091份,流感病毒核酸阳性率为21.17%(231/1 091);H9N2、H7N9及两者混合阳性分别为162、51、18份,未检出H5亚型病毒。2014-2016年流感病毒核酸阳性率分别为3.23%、22.05%和31.32%,均为H9N2亚型,2017年阳性率为19.31%,其中H9N2、H7N9及两者混合阳性分别为阳性76、51、18份。城乡活禽市场流感病毒阳性率最高(30.14%),其次规模养殖户(11.79%)和家禽屠宰加工场所(10.23%)。不同类型标本中,清洗禽类的污水检出率最高,宰杀或摆放禽肉案次之,禽类饮水最低,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。在禽类外环境中检出H7N9核酸阳性后通过主动监测,检出甘肃省首例人感染H7N9禽流感病例。结论甘肃省酒泉市2014-2017年每年均检出禽流感H9亚型,H7N9仅在2017年检出,外环境禽流感监测结果是人感染H7N9疫情预警的重要依据;应加强监测。Objective To analyze the surveillance results of avian influenza in poultry related environment in Jiuquan of Gansu province and provide evidence for the early warning and prevention of human infection with avian influenza A（H7N9）virus.Methods Different environmental samples were collected from live poultry markets in different counties（district）of Jiuquan from 2014 to 2017 for the nucleic acid detection of avian influenza viruses by using real-time PCR,and the results were used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 1 091 environmental samples were collected,in which 231 samples were positive foe avian influenza virus nucleic acid（21.17%）,including 162 A（H9N2）positive samples（70.13%）,51 A（H7N9）positive samples（22.08%）and 18 samples which were positive for both A（H7）and A（H9）viruses（7.79%）. From 2014 to 2016,only avian influenza A（H9N2）virus was detected,the annual positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid were 3.23%,22.05% and 31.32% respectively. In 2017,the positive rate of influenza virus nucleic acid was 19.31%,the positive rate was 52.41% for A（H9N2）virus（76 strains）,35.17% for A（H7N9）virus（51 strains）and 12.41% for both A（H7）and A（H9）viruses（18 strains）. The detection rate of influenza virus was highest in urban and rural live poultry markets（30.14%）,followed by that in poultry farms（11.79%）of and in poultry slaughtering and processing sites（10.23%）. Among the different types of samples,the detection rate in sewage samples was highest,followed by that in chopping board samples and in poultry drinking water samples. There were significant differences in positive rate among different years,different surveillance sites and different types of samples. The first human case of avian influenza A（H7N9）virus infection in Gansu province was detected by active surveillance after A（H7N9）virus nucleic acid was detected in poultry.Conclusion Environmental surveillance results of influenza virus is the important evidence

关 键 词：H7N9 禽流感 监测 实时荧光聚合酶链式反应 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]