西安市空巢老人心理健康状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Mental Health Conditions and Its Influence Factors of the Empty-nest Old People in Xi'an City

作　　者：郝雁[1] 陶磊[2] 李利利[1] 王艳丽[1] HAO Yan;TAO Lei;WANG Yanli(Hospital of Xi＇an Jiaotong University Xian,710049,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学离退休处,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《中国社会医学杂志》2018年第3期237-239,共3页Chinese Journal of Social Medicine

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2014G04)

摘　　要：目的了解西安市社区空巢老人心理健康状况及其影响因素,为制定改善空巢老人心理健康策略提供依据。方法采取随机分层抽样方法抽取西安市6个社区1 900名空巢老人为研究对象,问卷调查研究对象的社会人口学情况,利用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估其心理健康状况,并采用多元线性回归模型分析心理健康状况的相关因素。结果西安市社区空巢老人SCL-90调查阳性例数1 042人,占空巢老人总数58.74%;其心理健康水平低于全国常模。绝对空巢组心理健康水平低于相对空巢组(P<0.05),空巢老人心理健康总均分与性别呈正相关(B=2.148),与经济状况和婚姻状况呈负相关(B分别为-2.032和-1.546)。结论西安市空巢老人心理健康水平较低;心理健康水平受性别、经济状况和婚姻状态等因素影响。Objective To explore the mental health status and related factors of the elderly with empty-nest in community of Xi＇an.Methods 1 900 empty-nest old people in 6 communities were selected by a random stratified sampling method.They were investigated with a questionnaire which included gender,age,educational level,economic status,marital status and other demographic information.Besides,the symptom checklist（SCL-90）was used to detect and research the mental health status.The related factors of mental health were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results A total cases of 1 042 people had been checked out mental problems and the rate of positive was 58.74%.Mental health level of Xi＇an empty-nest old people was lower than the national norm.Mental health level of absolute empty-nest old people was lower than those of relative empty-nest old people（P0.05）.The total average score of mental health of empty-nest old people was positively correlated with gender（B=2.148）and negatively correlated with economic status and marital status（B=-2.032,-1.546）.Conclusion The mental health level of Xi＇an empty-nest old people is lower than the national standard and influenced by the factors of gender,family structure and marriage status.

关 键 词：空巢老人 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]