PVAc弹性微球包覆的高能化学点火具的点火性能  

Ignition Performance of the High Energy Chemical Igniter Coated with a PVAc Elastic Microsphere

作　　者：刘文近 程扬帆[2,3] 陆松来 韩体飞[2] 汪泉[2,3] 沈兆武[3] LIU Wen-jin 1 , CHENG Yang-fan 2,3 , LU Song-lai 2 , HAN Ti-fei 2 , WANG Quan 2,3 , SHEN Zhao-wu 3(1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; 2. School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; 3. CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Chin)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学土木建筑学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学化学工程学院,安徽淮南232001 [3]中国科学技术大学中科院材料力学行为与设计重点实验,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《含能材料》2018年第6期530-536,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(11602001;51604009); 安徽省自然科学基金青年项目资助(1608085QA15); 中科院材料力学行为与设计重点实验室开放课题(lmbd201701)

摘　　要：为了减小化学点火具的成型性、燃烧持续时间、燃烧速度等参数对粉尘燃烧与爆炸实验的影响,提高实验数据的准确性和和可重复性,研制出一种聚醋酸乙烯脂(PVAc)弹性微球包覆的化学点火具。首先对点火药用石蜡降感,后加入几滴石油醚将点火药制成球形,然后将PVAc的乙醇溶液旋涂在球形点火药上并真空干燥,在干燥过程中石油醚的挥发使包覆膜发生膨胀并使点火药变得膨松,制得的PVAc弹性微球具有成型性好、韧性强、防水和抗氧化等优点。利用高速摄影技术,研究了该点火具的燃爆特性,并与其他三种类型的点火具进行了比较。实验结果表明,PVAc弹性微球包覆的化学点火具的火焰呈球形传播,其火焰速度适中、点火可靠度高,能够减小粉尘爆炸实验数据因点火具造成的误差。To reduce the effect of formability,combustion duration,burning rate and other parameters of the chemical igniter on the dust combustion and explosion experiments and improve the accuracy and repeatability of experimental data,the chemical igniter coated with a polyvinyl acetate（PVAc）elastic microsphere was developed.Firstly,the ignition powders were desensitized by paraffin wax,then a few drops of petroleum ether was added to the ignition powder to form a spherical ignition powder,then the spherical ignition powder was coated by ethanol solution of PVAc and dried in vacuum.In the process of drying,the petroleum ether was volatilized to make the coated film expand and the ignition powder bulk.The PVAc elastic hollow microsphere prepared has the advantages of good formability,strong toughness,water proof and oxidation resistance,etc.The deflagration characteristics of the igniter were studied by a high-speed camera and compared with other three types of igniters.The experimental results show that the igniter coated by PVAc elastic microsphere has a spherical flame propagation,a moderate flame velocity,and a stable ignition reliability,which can reduce the experimental data error of the dust explosion because of the influences of the igniter.

关 键 词：点火药 粉尘爆炸 聚醋酸乙烯脂(PVAc) 微球包覆 粉尘云 燃速 

分 类 号：TJ53[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术]