三个小麦-大麦2H二体异代换系的细胞学及补偿能力研究  

Cytology and Compensatory Ability of Three Wheat-Barley 2H Disomic Substitution Lines

作　　者：刘宏魁[1] 李世鹏[1] 吴颖[1] 苏胜忠[1] 单晓辉[1] 李贺 韩俊友[1] 陈孝[2] 原亚萍[1] LIU Hongkui;LI ShiPeng;WU Ying;SU Shengzhong;SHAN Xiaohui;LI He;HAN Junyou;CHEN Xiao;YUAN Yaping(College of Plant Science,Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China;Institute of Crop Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学植物科学学院,吉林长春130062 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2018年第6期649-653,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370352)

摘　　要：为了给小麦-大麦异代换系的进一步利用奠定基础,观察分析了三个小麦-大麦2H二体异代换系2H(A)、2H(B)和2H(D)花粉母细胞减数分裂中期的染色体构型。结果表明,三个代换系的染色体构型均为2n=21Ⅱ,含有一对大麦Betzes 2H染色体,在细胞学上是稳定的;三个代换系具有21Ⅱ的频率依次为92.56%、94.12%和95.41%。同时,在花粉母细胞减数分裂后期观察到了落后染色体、染色体桥及不同步分裂等现象,其出现的频率为2H(A)大于2H(B)和2H(D)。从各代换系的生活力、不育率和其他农艺性状看,大麦2H染色体导入小麦背景后,对小麦2B、2D的补偿能力好于2A。The chromosomal configuration of three wheat-barley disomic alien substitution lines 2 H（A）,2 H（B）and 2 H（D）was observed and analysed.The frequencies of cells with 2 n=21Ⅱin pollen mother cells at meiotic metaphase I（PMCs MI）for 2 H（A）,2 H（B）and 2 H（D）were 92.56%,94.12%and 95.41%,respectively.The GISH patterns showed that there was one pairing barley chromosome at PMCs MI.The results indicated that the substitution lines 2 H（A）,2 H（B）and 2 H（D）were stable.At the same time,the lagging chromosome,chromosome bridge and asynchronization division were observed in PMCs at meiotic anaphase,and the frequencies of 2 H（A）was higher than that of 2 H（B）and 2 H（D）.The barley chromosome 2 H has good genetic compensation ability for the wheat chromosome 2 Band 2 Din vitality and sterility and other agronomic characters.

关 键 词：小麦 大麦 代换系 补偿能力 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330