四川地区老年人养老方式选择及其影响因素调查  

Survey on the elderly endowment models selection and its influencing factors in Sichuan

作　　者：刘祯帆 李鑫 董文菊[1] 税文婷[1] 龙霖[1,2] 田小兵 LIU Zhenfan;LI Xin;DONG Wenju;SHUI Wenting;LONG Lin;TIAN Xiaobing(Nursing Department,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Sichuan Province,Nanchong 637000,China;School of Nursing,North Sichuan Medical College,Sichuan Province,Nanchong 637000,China;PreventiveMedicine Department,North Sichuan Medical College,Sichuan Province,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院护理部,四川南充637000 [2]川北医学院护理学院,四川南充637000 [3]川北医学院预防医学系,四川南充637000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2018年第17期36-39,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：全国高等医学教育学会护理教育分会教育科学基金项目(GJHL16001)

摘　　要：目的了解四川地区老年人养老方式选择及其影响因素。方法 2016年7月~2017年7月,在四川省南充市、德阳市、广元市、广安市、达州市、绵阳市6个地区采用自行设计问卷方便抽样选取的1053名老年人进行调查,分析老年人养老方式选择及相关影响因素。结果 1053名老年人中,6.9%选择社区居家养老,9.2%选择了机构养老,83.9%选择家庭养老。单因素分析中,性别、文化程度、常住地、个人月收入、与子女关系满意度、子女个数、养老费用来源个数等都对老年人养老方式选择有影响(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析中,文化程度越低、常住于农村、与子女关系满意度越高的老人越倾向于家庭养老;子女个数越少的老人越倾向于机构养老;养老费用来源个数越多的老人越倾向于社区居家养老(P<0.05)。结论 受多种因素制约,家庭养老仍然是现阶段老年人选择的主要养老方式。在当今家庭功能弱化与养老需求激增的大环境下,构建合适的养老模式对满足老年人养老需求,合理利用养老资源,实现"健康四川2030"健康老龄化有积极作用。Objective To understand the elderly endowment models selection and its influencing factors in Sichuan.Methods From July 2016 to July 2017, the convenience sampling method was used to analyze the influencing factors and endowment model selection among the 1053 elder people in Nanchong, Deyang, Guangyuan, Guangan, Dazhou, Mianyang, six regions of Sichuan by self-designed questionnaire. Results Among the 1053 people, the percentages of elder people selected community home care,institution endowment and family endowment were 6.9%, 9.2% and 83.9%,respectively. In the analysis of single factor, the endowment models selection was influenced by gender, cultural degree,permanent residence, monthly income, relationship satisfaction with the children, the number of children, and the number of old-age pension resources（P〈0.05）. In multiple factor Logistic regression analysis, the more older, the less educated, living in village and satisfied with their children′s relationship, the more were willing to accept family endowment; the elder people with fewer children were more likely to be accept institution endowment; while the elderly with the more sources of old-age care expenses were more likely to be accept community home care（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Constrained by a variety of factors, family endowment is still the main endowment models. In the weakening of the family function and the surge of pension demand, building a suitable endowment models to meet the demand of the elderly endowment, rational utilization of resources endowment, implementation ＂health Sichuan 2030＂ healthy aging has play a positive role.

关 键 词：老年人 养老方式 家庭养老 机构养老 社区居家养老 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]