优秀步行巡逻盘查民警知觉预测特征的实验研究  

An Experimental Study on the Perceptual Prediction Features of Skilled Foot Patrol Police Officers

作　　者：魏毅[1] WEI Yi(Nanjing Forest Police College,Nanjing 210046,China)

机构地区：[1]南京森林警察学院,南京210023

出　　处：《北京警察学院学报》2018年第3期96-106,共11页Journal of Beijing Police College

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目"运动知觉预测理论对人民警察步行巡逻盘查安全执法行为影响的干预研究(13YJC890040);江苏省高校哲学社会科学重点项目"睡眠剥夺对警员步行巡逻盘查知觉预测能力的影响特征及神经机制研究"(2017ZDIXM100);2016年江苏省第五期"333工程"第三批次人才培养计划基金支持

摘　　要：借鉴运动知觉预测理论,将民警步行巡逻盘查知觉预测分为警情视觉搜索、嫌疑人动作识别、依法行动知觉预判三个部分,利用眼动仪和反应时测试,探测专家民警的知觉预测特征。研究发现专家知觉预测时:线索利用更简约,更依赖多重、全面、分散的关键线索,反应更快、准确率更高,眼动效率更高;技能水平和任务难度的主效应显著,但技能水平和任务难度对民警知觉预测的交互作用不显著。研究认为,技能水平和任务难度对民警步行巡逻盘查知觉预测结果有影响,技能水平越高,任务越简单,民警知觉预测表现越好;长期的一线经验教训使得民警习得了步行巡逻盘查知觉预测能力;优秀民警知觉预测特征可以为我国民警步行巡逻盘查知觉技能训练提供理论和实践支撑。The author divides perceptual prediction features of foot patrol police officers into the alarm visual search, the recognition of suspect motion, the action perceptual predicting by law and explores the perceptual prediction features of these police officers by carrying out an experiment by using eye tracker and reaction time technology. The experiment shows that skilled police have a better perceptual prediction in searching for visual clues than others and they make the quickest and most accurate response in action recognition and prediction by using multiple, comprehensive and dispersed critical clues. At the same time, they have the highest eyeball movement efficiency. The main effect of task difficulty and skill levels are significant while the interaction is not. The study suggests that policing skills and how difficult the task is influence the prediction, that is to say, more skilled police and simpler tasks make more accurate predictions. Police in basic units acquired the perceptual prediction ability by working long time in their posts. The perceptual prediction features of skilled foot patrol police officers provide theoretical and practical support for training police to gain the specialized perceptual skills in our country.

关 键 词：步行巡逻盘查民警 知觉预测 眼动测试 

分 类 号：D631[政治法律—政治学]