居民健康期望寿命测算研究——以湖北宜昌市为例  

Study on estimating residents' health expectancy: A case of Yichang City in Hubei Province

作　　者：吴婵[1] 徐勇[1] 苏拥军 赵露[1] 杨佳娟[1] 徐承中[1] 鲁芳芳[1] 张培[1] 裴松[1] 胡池[1] 刘军[1] WU Chan1, XU Yong1, SU Yong-jun2, ZHAO Lu1, YANG Jia-juan1, XU Cheng-zhong1, LU Fang-fang1, ZHANGPei, PEI Song1, HU Chi1, LIU Jun1(1. Yichang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang Hubei 443000, China;2. Yichang Commission of Health and Family Planning, Yichang Hubei 443000 , Chin)

机构地区：[1]宜昌市疾病预防控制中心,湖北宜昌443000 [2]宜昌市卫生和计划生育委员会,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2018年第5期46-54,共9页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

摘　　要：目的:以宜昌市居民特定健康状况流行水平、健康期望寿命(HE)及其占比情况,验证健康期望寿命综合测量方法。方法:采用网格化分层抽样抽取调查对象,以第五次全国卫生服务家庭健康询问调查表为基础,参考欧洲基本健康模块(MEHM),嵌入基本健康模块,并经过方法验证,使用自评健康、活动限制指标分别计算自评健康期望寿命和无活动限制期望寿命两项指标。结果:2016年,宜昌市居民出生自评健康期望寿命(HE-sp)及其占比分别为71.90岁(男性69.66岁,女性74.44岁)、91.89%。宜昌市居民出生健康寿命年(HLY)及其占比分别为75.58(男性73.60岁,女性77.82岁)、96.60%。宜昌市居民出生HLY女性高于男性(Z=9.21,P<0.05),男女HLY占比基本一致。男女性HE-sp有差异(Z=7.68,P<0.05),出生HE-SP占比无差异,健康期望寿命呈现等比例下降趋势。结论:计算机网格化抽样面访适宜基层推广,基本健康模块适合国内居民健康调查使用。建议全国统一地市级人群健康综合测量工具,明确健康期望寿命指标类别,推荐采取类似欧盟的基本健康模块监测指标,并纳入中国居民健康核心指标体系。Objective： To understand the prevalence of specific health status,healthy life expectancy and its proportion for Yichang residents,and verify the comprehensive measurement methods thereof as well. Methods： This paper employed a grid-based stratified sampling method cluster the respondents. Referring to the Minimum European Health Module（ MEHM）,the fifth national health services family questionnaires was chosen as survey instrument embedded in the minimum health module（ MHM） after reliability and validity provided by the methodical verification. This article selected MHM＇s activity limitation and self-perceived health Indicators to calculate healthy life expectancy. Indicators in concern were Self-perceived Heal Expectancy（ HE-sp） and Life Expectancy（ LE）. Results： The retest consistency coefficient（ kappa） for MHM＇s self ‐ perceived health and GALI were 0. 855 and 0. 882,respectively. In the meantime,the Criterion-related validity coefficients（ Gamma） were 0. 899 and 0. 974,respectively. The site cross-survey quality control indicators met the requirements for Quality Control Standards（ QCS）. In 2016,ratios of Yichang Residents＇ HE-sp and（ LE） were 71. 90 years（ 69. 66 for males and 74. 44 for females） and 75. 58 years（ 73. 60 for males and77. 82 for females）,respectively. Accordingly,their HE in LE proportions are 91. 89% and 96. 60%,respectively.The Life expectancy（ LE） at birth for female residents was higher than that for males（ Z = 9. 21,P〈 0. 05）,which were the same as observed in other age groups. The LE proportion showed no difference between males and females.The female residents＇ at-birth HE-sp was higher than that for males（ Z = 7. 68,P〈0. 05）. The LE proportion showed no difference between males and females. These showed that there were equal ratio downward trend in quality of life between males and females during their living period. Conclusions： Grid stratified sampling interviews using computer were suitable for promotion at

关 键 词：健康期望寿命 自评健康期望寿命 健康寿命年 基本健康模块 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]